62 files changed, 2279 insertions(+), 2409 deletions(-)

M pugl/.gitignore
M pugl/.gitlab-ci.yml
M pugl/.gitmodules
M pugl/README.md
M pugl/bindings/cxx/include/pugl/cairo.hpp
M pugl/bindings/cxx/include/pugl/gl.hpp
M pugl/bindings/cxx/include/pugl/pugl.hpp
M pugl/bindings/cxx/include/pugl/stub.hpp
M pugl/bindings/cxx/include/pugl/vulkan.hpp
D pugl/doc/_static/custom.css
A pugl/doc/_static/meson.build
D pugl/doc/_templates/about.html
R pugl/doc/c/{Doxyfile => Doxyfile.in}
A pugl/doc/c/api/meson.build
A pugl/doc/c/event-loop.rst
A pugl/doc/c/events.rst
M pugl/doc/c/index.rst
A pugl/doc/c/meson.build
M pugl/doc/c/overview.rst
D pugl/doc/c/reference.rst
A pugl/doc/c/shutting-down.rst
A pugl/doc/c/view.rst
A pugl/doc/c/world.rst
D pugl/doc/c/wscript
A pugl/doc/c/xml/meson.build
M pugl/doc/conf.py.in
R pugl/doc/cpp/{Doxyfile => Doxyfile.in}
A pugl/doc/cpp/api/meson.build
D pugl/doc/cpp/c-reference.rst
D pugl/doc/cpp/cpp-reference.rst
A pugl/doc/cpp/event-loop.rst
A pugl/doc/cpp/events.rst
M pugl/doc/cpp/index.rst
A pugl/doc/cpp/meson.build
M pugl/doc/cpp/overview.rst
A pugl/doc/cpp/view.rst
A pugl/doc/cpp/world.rst
D pugl/doc/cpp/wscript
A pugl/doc/cpp/xml/meson.build
M pugl/doc/deployment.rst
D pugl/doc/mainpage.md
A pugl/doc/meson.build
R pugl/doc/{pugl.rst => summary.rst}
A pugl/examples/meson.build
M pugl/examples/pugl_cairo_demo.c
M pugl/examples/pugl_cursor_demo.c
M pugl/examples/pugl_cxx_demo.cpp
M pugl/examples/pugl_shader_demo.c
M pugl/examples/pugl_vulkan_cxx_demo.cpp
M pugl/examples/pugl_window_demo.c
A pugl/examples/shaders/meson.build
M pugl/include/pugl/pugl.h
A pugl/meson.build
A pugl/meson/meson.build
A pugl/meson_options.txt
A pugl/scripts/cat.py
M pugl/scripts/dox_to_sphinx.py
M pugl/src/x11.c
A pugl/test/meson.build
M pugl/test/test_timer.c
D pugl/waf
D pugl/wscript

@@ 1,5 1,3 @@
-.waf*/
 build/
-.lock-waf*
 __pycache__
 *.pyc

@@ 2,48 2,45 @@ stages:
   - build
   - deploy
 
-variables:
-  GIT_SUBMODULE_STRATEGY: normal
-
 .build_template: &build_definition
   stage: build
 
 arm32_dbg:
   <<: *build_definition
   image: lv2plugin/debian-arm32
-  script: python ./waf configure build -dST --werror --no-coverage
-  variables:
-    CC: "arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc"
-    CXX: "arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++"
+  script:
+    - meson setup build --cross-file=/usr/share/meson/cross/arm-linux-gnueabihf.ini -Dbuildtype=debug -Ddocs=disabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
 
 arm32_rel:
   <<: *build_definition
   image: lv2plugin/debian-arm32
-  script: python ./waf configure build -ST --werror --no-coverage
-  variables:
-    CC: "arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc"
-    CXX: "arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++"
+  script:
+    - meson setup build --cross-file=/usr/share/meson/cross/arm-linux-gnueabihf.ini -Dbuildtype=release -Ddocs=disabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
+
 
 arm64_dbg:
   <<: *build_definition
   image: lv2plugin/debian-arm64
-  script: python ./waf configure build -dST --werror --no-coverage
-  variables:
-    CC: "aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc"
-    CXX: "aarch64-linux-gnu-g++"
+  script:
+    - meson setup build --cross-file=/usr/share/meson/cross/aarch64-linux-gnu.ini -Dbuildtype=debug -Ddocs=disabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
 
 arm64_rel:
   <<: *build_definition
   image: lv2plugin/debian-arm64
-  script: python ./waf configure build -ST --werror --no-coverage
-  variables:
-    CC: "aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc"
-    CXX: "aarch64-linux-gnu-g++"
+  script:
+    - meson setup build --cross-file=/usr/share/meson/cross/aarch64-linux-gnu.ini -Dbuildtype=release -Ddocs=disabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
+
 
 x64_dbg:
   <<: *build_definition
   image: lv2plugin/debian-x64
-  script: python3 ./waf configure build -dST --werror --no-coverage --docs
+  script:
+    - meson setup build -Dbuildtype=debug -Ddocs=enabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
   artifacts:
     paths:
       - build/doc


@@ 51,60 48,91 @@ x64_dbg:
 x64_rel:
   <<: *build_definition
   image: lv2plugin/debian-x64
-  script: python ./waf configure build -ST --werror --no-coverage
+  script:
+    - meson setup build -Dbuildtype=release -Ddocs=disabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
+
+
+x64_static:
+  <<: *build_definition
+  image: lv2plugin/debian-x64
+  script:
+    - meson setup build -Ddefault_library=static -Ddocs=disabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
+
+
+x64_sanitize:
+  <<: *build_definition
+  image: lv2plugin/debian-x64-clang
+  script:
+    - meson setup build -Db_lundef=false -Dbuildtype=plain -Ddocs=disabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
+  variables:
+    CC: "clang"
+    CXX: "clang++"
+    CFLAGS: "-fno-sanitize-recover=all -fsanitize=address -fsanitize=undefined -fsanitize=float-divide-by-zero -fsanitize=unsigned-integer-overflow -fsanitize=implicit-conversion -fsanitize=local-bounds -fsanitize=nullability"
+    CXXFLAGS: "-fno-sanitize-recover=all -fsanitize=address -fsanitize=undefined -fsanitize=float-divide-by-zero -fsanitize=unsigned-integer-overflow -fsanitize=implicit-conversion -fsanitize=local-bounds -fsanitize=nullability"
+    LDFLAGS: "-fno-sanitize-recover=all -fsanitize=address -fsanitize=undefined -fsanitize=float-divide-by-zero -fsanitize=unsigned-integer-overflow -fsanitize=implicit-conversion -fsanitize=local-bounds -fsanitize=nullability"
+
 
 mingw32_dbg:
   <<: *build_definition
   image: lv2plugin/debian-mingw32
-  script: python ./waf configure build -dST --werror --no-coverage --target=win32
-  variables:
-    CC: "i686-w64-mingw32-gcc"
-    CXX: "i686-w64-mingw32-g++"
+  script:
+    - meson setup build --cross-file=/usr/share/meson/cross/i686-w64-mingw32.ini -Dbuildtype=debug -Ddocs=disabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
 
 mingw32_rel:
   <<: *build_definition
   image: lv2plugin/debian-mingw32
-  script: python ./waf configure build -ST --werror --no-coverage --target=win32
-  variables:
-    CC: "i686-w64-mingw32-gcc"
-    CXX: "i686-w64-mingw32-g++"
+  script:
+    - meson setup build --cross-file=/usr/share/meson/cross/i686-w64-mingw32.ini -Dbuildtype=release -Ddocs=disabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
+
 
 mingw64_dbg:
   <<: *build_definition
   image: lv2plugin/debian-mingw64
-  script: python ./waf configure build -dST --werror --no-coverage --target=win32
-  variables:
-    CC: "x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc"
-    CXX: "x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++"
+  script:
+    - meson setup build --cross-file=/usr/share/meson/cross/x86_64-w64-mingw32.ini -Dbuildtype=debug -Ddocs=disabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
 
 mingw64_rel:
   <<: *build_definition
   image: lv2plugin/debian-mingw64
-  script: python ./waf configure build -ST --werror --no-coverage --target=win32
-  variables:
-    CC: "x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc"
-    CXX: "x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++"
+  script:
+    - meson setup build --cross-file=/usr/share/meson/cross/x86_64-w64-mingw32.ini -Dbuildtype=release -Ddocs=disabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
+
 
 mac_dbg:
   <<: *build_definition
-  script: python ./waf configure build -dST --werror --no-coverage
   tags: [macos]
+  script:
+    - meson setup build -Dbuildtype=debug -Ddocs=disabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
 
 mac_rel:
   <<: *build_definition
-  script: python ./waf configure build -ST --werror --no-coverage
   tags: [macos]
+  script:
+    - meson setup build -Dbuildtype=release -Ddocs=disabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
+
 
 win_dbg:
   <<: *build_definition
+  tags: [windows,meson]
   script:
-    - python ./waf configure build -dST --werror --no-coverage
-  tags: [windows,msvc,python]
+    - meson setup build -Dbuildtype=debug -Ddocs=disabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
 
 win_rel:
   <<: *build_definition
-  script: python ./waf configure build -ST --werror --no-coverage
-  tags: [windows,msvc,python]
+  tags: [windows,meson]
+  script:
+    - meson setup build -Dbuildtype=release -Ddocs=disabled -Dstrict=true -Dwerror=true
+    - ninja -C build
 
 pages:
   stage: deploy

@@ 1,3 0,0 @@
-[submodule "waflib"]
-	path = waflib
-	url = ../../drobilla/autowaf.git

@@ 43,24 43,23 @@ Documentation
 Pugl is a C library that includes C++ bindings.
 Each API is documented separately:
 
- * [C Documentation](https://lv2.gitlab.io/pugl/c/singlehtml)
- * [C++ Documentation](https://lv2.gitlab.io/pugl/cpp/singlehtml)
+ * [C Documentation (single page)](https://lv2.gitlab.io/pugl/c/singlehtml/)
+ * [C Documentation (paginated)](https://lv2.gitlab.io/pugl/c/html/)
+ * [C++ Documentation (single page)](https://lv2.gitlab.io/pugl/cpp/singlehtml/)
+ * [C++ Documentation (paginated)](https://lv2.gitlab.io/pugl/cpp/html/)
 
 The documentation can also be built from the source by configuring with `--docs`.
 
 Testing
 -------
 
-There are a few unit tests included, but unfortunately manual testing is still
-required.  The tests and example programs will be built if you pass the
-`--test` option when configuring:
+Some unit tests are included, but unfortunately manual testing is still
+required.  The tests and example programs are built by default.  You can run
+all the tests at once via ninja:
 
-    ./waf configure --test
-
-Then, after building, the unit tests can be run:
-
-    ./waf
-    ./waf test --gui-tests
+    meson setup build
+    cd build
+    ninja test
 
 The `examples` directory contains several programs that serve as both manual
 tests and demonstrations:

@@ 25,7 25,7 @@ namespace pugl {
 /**
    @defgroup cairoxx Cairo
    Cairo graphics support.
-   @ingroup pugl_cxx
+   @ingroup puglxx
    @{
 */
 

@@ 26,7 26,7 @@ namespace pugl {
 /**
    @defgroup glxx OpenGL
    OpenGL graphics support.
-   @ingroup pugl_cxx
+   @ingroup puglxx
    @{
 */
 

@@ 580,13 580,43 @@ public:
     return static_cast<Status>(puglRequestAttention(cobj()));
   }
 
-  /// @copydoc puglStartTimer
+  /**
+     Activate a repeating timer event.
+
+     This starts a timer which will send a timer event to `view` every
+     `timeout` seconds.  This can be used to perform some action in a view at a
+     regular interval with relatively low frequency.  Note that the frequency
+     of timer events may be limited by how often update() is called.
+
+     If the given timer already exists, it is replaced.
+
+     @param id The identifier for this timer.  This is an application-specific
+     ID that should be a low number, typically the value of a constant or `enum`
+     that starts from 0.  There is a platform-specific limit to the number of
+     supported timers, and overhead associated with each, so applications should
+     create only a few timers and perform several tasks in one if necessary.
+
+     @param timeout The period, in seconds, of this timer.  This is not
+     guaranteed to have a resolution better than 10ms (the maximum timer
+     resolution on Windows) and may be rounded up if it is too short.  On X11
+     and MacOS, a resolution of about 1ms can usually be relied on.
+
+     @return #PUGL_FAILURE if timers are not supported by the system,
+     #PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR if setting the timer failed.
+  */
   Status startTimer(const uintptr_t id, const double timeout) noexcept
   {
     return static_cast<Status>(puglStartTimer(cobj(), id, timeout));
   }
 
-  /// @copydoc puglStopTimer
+  /**
+     Stop an active timer.
+
+     @param id The ID previously passed to startTimer().
+
+     @return #PUGL_FAILURE if timers are not supported by this system,
+     #PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR if stopping the timer failed.
+  */
   Status stopTimer(const uintptr_t id) noexcept
   {
     return static_cast<Status>(puglStopTimer(cobj(), id));

@@ 25,7 25,7 @@ namespace pugl {
 /**
    @defgroup stubxx Stub
    Stub graphics support.
-   @ingroup pugl_cxx
+   @ingroup puglxx
    @{
 */
 

@@ 43,7 43,7 @@ namespace pugl {
    vulkan-hpp smart handles, it is relatively straightforward to wrap the
    result of createSurface() manually.
 
-   @ingroup pugl_cxx
+   @ingroup puglxx
    @{
 */
 

@@ 1,95 0,0 @@
-div.document {
-    margin: 0;
-}
-
-div.body {
-    margin-top: 2em;
-}
-
-div.sphinxsidebarwrapper {
-    background: #EEE;
-}
-
-div.sphinxsidebarwrapper p.blurb {
-    text-align: center;
-}
-
-div.sphinxsidebarwrapper span.logo {
-    display: block;
-    text-align: center;
-    font-family: Georgia, serif;
-    padding: 0;
-    font-size: 180%;
-}
-
-div.sphinxsidebar a {
-    border-width: 0;
-}
-
-div.sphinxsidebar li {
-    color: #444;
-}
-
-div.section {
-    margin-top: 2.5em;
-}
-
-a.reference {
-    border-bottom: none;
-}
-
-code.xref {
-    font-weight: normal;
-    background-color: #F8F8F8;
-    padding: 0.1em 0 0.1em 0;
-}
-
-div.section > dl.c > dt:first-child,
-div.section > dl.cpp > dt:first-child {
-    background-color: #F8F8F8;
-    font-family: 'Consolas', 'Menlo', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace;
-    font-size: 0.9em;
-    font-weight: normal;
-    margin-bottom: 0.5em;
-    padding: 0.1em 0 0.1em 0;
-}
-
-tt.descname, tt.descclassname, code.descname, code.descclassname {
-    font-size: 0.9em;
-}
-
-dl.member {
-    margin-top: 0.5em;
-}
-
-dl.enumerator {
-    margin-top: 0.5em;
-}
-
-dl.field-list > dt {
-    padding-left: 0;
-}
-
-pre, tt, code {
-    background-color: #F8F8F8;
-}
-
-.toctree-l1 {
-    margin-top: 1.0em;
-}
-
-img.logo {
-    width: 6em;
-}
-
-.class {
-    padding-top: 1.5em;
-}
-
-.exception {
-    padding-top: 1.5em;
-}
-
-.class > dd > dl.function {
-    padding-top: 1.0em;
-}

@@ 0,0 1,2 @@
+configure_file(copy: true, input: '../../resources/pugl.svg', output: 'pugl.svg')
+

@@ 1,57 0,0 @@
-{% if theme_logo %}
-<p class="logo">
-  <a href="{{ pathto(master_doc) }}">
-    <img class="logo" src="{{ pathto('_static/' ~ theme_logo, 1) }}" alt="Logo"/>
-    {% if theme_logo_name|lower == 'true' %}
-    <span class="logo logo-name">{{ project }}</span>
-    {% endif %}
-  </a>
-</p>
-{% else %}
-<h1 class="logo"><a href="{{ pathto(master_doc) }}">{{ project }}</a></h1>
-{% endif %}
-
-{% if theme_description %}
-<p class="blurb">{{ theme_description }}</p>
-{% endif %}
-
-{% if theme_github_user and theme_github_repo %}
-{% if theme_github_button|lower == 'true' %}
-<p>
-<iframe src="https://ghbtns.com/github-btn.html?user={{ theme_github_user }}&repo={{ theme_github_repo }}&type={{ theme_github_type }}&count={{ theme_github_count }}&size=large&v=2"
-  allowtransparency="true" frameborder="0" scrolling="0" width="200px" height="35px"></iframe>
-</p>
-{% endif %}
-{% endif %}
-
-{% if theme_travis_button|lower != 'false' %}
-{% if theme_travis_button|lower == 'true' %}
-    {% set path = theme_github_user + '/' + theme_github_repo %}
-{% else %}
-    {% set path = theme_travis_button %}
-{% endif %}
-<p>
-<a class="badge" href="https://travis-ci.org/{{ path }}">
-    <img
-        alt="https://secure.travis-ci.org/{{ path }}.svg?branch={{ theme_badge_branch }}"
-        src="https://secure.travis-ci.org/{{ path }}.svg?branch={{ theme_badge_branch }}"
-    />
-</a>
-</p>
-{% endif %}
-
-{% if theme_codecov_button|lower != 'false' %}
-{% if theme_codecov_button|lower == 'true' %}
-    {% set path = theme_github_user + '/' + theme_github_repo %}
-{% else %}
-    {% set path = theme_codecov_button %}
-{% endif %}
-<p>
-<a class="badge" href="https://codecov.io/github/{{ path }}">
-    <img
-    alt="https://codecov.io/github/{{ path }}/coverage.svg?branch={{ theme_badge_branch }}"
-    src="https://codecov.io/github/{{ path }}/coverage.svg?branch={{ theme_badge_branch }}"
-    />
-</a>
-</p>
-{% endif %}

@@ 2,12 2,13 @@ PROJECT_NAME           = Pugl
 PROJECT_BRIEF          = "A minimal portable API for embeddable GUIs"
 
 QUIET                  = YES
-WARN_AS_ERROR          = NO
+WARN_AS_ERROR          = YES
 WARN_IF_UNDOCUMENTED   = NO
 WARN_NO_PARAMDOC       = NO
 
 JAVADOC_AUTOBRIEF      = YES
 
+FULL_PATH_NAMES        = NO
 CASE_SENSE_NAMES       = YES
 HIDE_IN_BODY_DOCS      = YES
 REFERENCES_LINK_SOURCE = NO


@@ 21,10 22,7 @@ SHOW_FILES             = NO
 MACRO_EXPANSION        = YES
 PREDEFINED             = PUGL_API PUGL_DISABLE_DEPRECATED PUGL_CONST_API= PUGL_CONST_FUNC=
 
-INPUT                  = ../../include/pugl/cairo.h \
-                         ../../include/pugl/gl.h \
-                         ../../include/pugl/pugl.h \
-                         ../../include/pugl/stub.h \
-                         ../../include/pugl/vulkan.h
+STRIP_FROM_PATH        = @PUGL_SRCDIR@
+INPUT                  = @PUGL_HEADERS@
 
-OUTPUT_DIRECTORY       = .
+OUTPUT_DIRECTORY       = doc/c

@@ 0,0 1,5 @@
+c_pugl_rst = custom_target(
+  'C API ReST Documentation',
+  command: [dox_to_sphinx, '-f', '@INPUT0@', 'doc/c/api'],
+  input: [c_index_xml] + c_rst_files,
+  output: 'pugl.rst')

@@ 0,0 1,101 @@
+.. default-domain:: c
+.. highlight:: c
+
+######################
+Driving the Event Loop
+######################
+
+Pugl does not contain any threads or other event loop "magic".
+For flexibility, the event loop is driven explicitly by repeatedly calling :func:`puglUpdate`,
+which processes events from the window system and dispatches them to views when necessary.
+
+The exact use of :func:`puglUpdate` depends on the application.
+Plugins should call it with a ``timeout`` of 0 in a callback driven by the host.
+This avoids blocking the main loop,
+since other plugins and the host itself need to run as well.
+
+A program can use whatever timeout is appropriate:
+event-driven applications may wait forever by using a ``timeout`` of -1,
+while those that draw continuously may use a significant fraction of the frame period
+(with enough time left over to render).
+
+*********
+Redrawing
+*********
+
+Occasional redrawing can be requested by calling :func:`puglPostRedisplay` or :func:`puglPostRedisplayRect`.
+After these are called,
+a :struct:`PuglEventExpose` will be dispatched on the next call to :func:`puglUpdate`.
+
+For continuous redrawing,
+call :func:`puglPostRedisplay` while handling a :struct:`PuglEventUpdate` event.
+This event is sent just before views are redrawn,
+so it can be used as a hook to expand the update region right before the view is exposed.
+Anything else that needs to be done every frame can be handled similarly.
+
+*****************
+Event Dispatching
+*****************
+
+Ideally, pending events are dispatched during a call to :func:`puglUpdate`,
+directly within the scope of that call.
+
+Unfortunately, this is not universally true due to differences between platforms.
+
+MacOS
+=====
+
+On MacOS, drawing is handled specially and not by the normal event queue mechanism.
+This means that configure and expose events,
+and possibly others,
+may be dispatched to a view outside the scope of a :func:`puglUpdate` call.
+In general, you can not rely on coherent event dispatching semantics on MacOS:
+the operating system can call into application code at "random" times,
+and these calls may result in Pugl events being dispatched.
+
+An application that follows the Pugl guidelines should work fine,
+but there is one significant inconsistency you may encounter on MacOS:
+posting a redisplay will not wake up a blocked :func:`puglUpdate` call.
+
+Windows
+=======
+
+On Windows, the application has relatively tight control over the event loop,
+so events are typically dispatched explicitly by :func:`puglUpdate`.
+Drawing is handled by events,
+so posting a redisplay will wake up a blocked :func:`puglUpdate` call.
+
+However, it is possible for the system to dispatch events at other times.
+So,
+it is possible for events to be dispatched outside the scope of a :func:`puglUpdate` call,
+but this does not happen in normal circumstances and can largely be ignored.
+
+X11
+===
+
+On X11, the application strictly controls event dispatching,
+and there is no way for the system to call into application code at surprising times.
+So, all events are dispatched in the scope of a :func:`puglUpdate` call.
+
+*********************
+Recursive Event Loops
+*********************
+
+On Windows and MacOS,
+the event loop is stalled while the user is resizing the window or,
+on Windows,
+has displayed the window menu.
+This means that :func:`puglUpdate` will block until the resize is finished,
+or the menu is closed.
+
+Pugl dispatches :struct:`PuglEventLoopEnter` and :struct:`PuglEventLoopLeave` events to notify the application of this situation.
+If you want to continuously redraw during resizing on these platforms,
+you can schedule a timer with :func:`puglStartTimer` when the recursive loop is entered,
+and post redisplays when handling the :struct:`PuglEventTimer`.
+Be sure to remove the timer with :func:`puglStopTimer` when the recursive loop is finished.
+
+On X11, there are no recursive event loops,
+and everything works as usual while the user is resizing the window.
+There is nothing special about a "live resize" on X11,
+and the above loop events will never be dispatched.
+

@@ 0,0 1,84 @@
+.. default-domain:: c
+.. highlight:: c
+
+***************
+Handling Events
+***************
+
+Events are sent to a view when it has received user input,
+must be drawn, or in other situations that may need to be handled such as resizing.
+
+Events are sent to the event handler as a :union:`PuglEvent` union.
+The ``type`` field defines the type of the event and which field of the union is active.
+The application must handle at least :enumerator:`PUGL_CONFIGURE <PuglEventType.PUGL_CONFIGURE>`
+and :enumerator:`PUGL_EXPOSE <PuglEventType.PUGL_EXPOSE>` to draw anything,
+but there are many other :enum:`event types <PuglEventType>`.
+
+For example, a basic event handler might look something like this:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   static PuglStatus
+   onEvent(PuglView* view, const PuglEvent* event)
+   {
+     MyApp* app = (MyApp*)puglGetHandle(view);
+
+     switch (event->type) {
+     case PUGL_CREATE:
+       return setupGraphics(app);
+     case PUGL_DESTROY:
+       return teardownGraphics(app);
+     case PUGL_CONFIGURE:
+       return resize(app, event->configure.width, event->configure.height);
+     case PUGL_EXPOSE:
+       return draw(app, view);
+     case PUGL_CLOSE:
+       return quit(app);
+     case PUGL_BUTTON_PRESS:
+        return onButtonPress(app, view, event->button);
+     default:
+       break;
+     }
+
+     return PUGL_SUCCESS;
+   }
+
+Using the Graphics Context
+==========================
+
+Drawing
+-------
+
+Note that Pugl uses a different drawing model than many libraries,
+particularly those designed for game-style main loops like `SDL <https://libsdl.org/>`_ and `GLFW <https://www.glfw.org/>`_.
+
+In that style of code, drawing is performed imperatively in the main loop,
+but with Pugl, the application must draw only while handling an expose event.
+This is because Pugl supports event-driven applications that only draw the damaged region when necessary,
+and handles exposure internally to provide optimized and consistent behavior across platforms.
+
+Cairo Context
+-------------
+
+A Cairo context is created for each :struct:`PuglEventExpose`,
+and only exists during the handling of that event.
+Null is returned by :func:`puglGetContext` at any other time.
+
+OpenGL Context
+--------------
+
+The OpenGL context is only active during the handling of these events:
+
+- :struct:`PuglEventCreate`
+- :struct:`PuglEventDestroy`
+- :struct:`PuglEventConfigure`
+- :struct:`PuglEventExpose`
+
+As always, drawing is only possible during an expose.
+
+Vulkan Context
+--------------
+
+With Vulkan, the graphics context is managed by the application rather than Pugl.
+However, drawing must still only be performed during an expose.
+

@@ 1,6 1,11 @@
+####
+Pugl
+####
+
+.. include:: summary.rst
+
 .. toctree::
 
-   pugl
    deployment
    overview
-   reference
+   api/pugl

@@ 0,0 1,44 @@
+config = configuration_data()
+config.set('PUGL_VERSION', meson.project_version())
+
+conf_py = configure_file(configuration: config,
+                         input: '../conf.py.in',
+                         output: 'conf.py')
+
+configure_file(copy: true, input: '../deployment.rst', output: 'deployment.rst')
+configure_file(copy: true, input: '../summary.rst', output: 'summary.rst')
+
+c_rst_files = files(
+  'index.rst',
+  'overview.rst',
+  'world.rst',
+  'view.rst',
+  'events.rst',
+  'event-loop.rst',
+  'shutting-down.rst'
+)
+
+foreach f : c_rst_files
+  configure_file(copy: true, input: f, output: '@PLAINNAME@')
+endforeach
+
+subdir('xml')
+subdir('api')
+
+docs = custom_target(
+  'C API Documentation (singlehtml)',
+  command: [sphinx_build, '-M', 'singlehtml', 'doc/c/', 'doc/c/', '-E', '-q', '-t', 'singlehtml'],
+  input: [c_rst_files, c_pugl_rst, c_index_xml],
+  output: 'singlehtml',
+  build_by_default: true,
+  install: true,
+  install_dir: docdir / 'pugl-0')
+
+docs = custom_target(
+  'C API Documentation (html)',
+  command: [sphinx_build, '-M', 'html', 'doc/c/', 'doc/c/', '-E', '-q', '-t', 'html'],
+  input: [c_rst_files, c_pugl_rst, c_index_xml],
+  output: 'html',
+  build_by_default: true,
+  install: true,
+  install_dir: docdir / 'pugl-0')

@@ 1,579 1,26 @@
 .. default-domain:: c
 .. highlight:: c
 
-The core API (excluding backend-specific components) is declared in ``pugl.h``:
-
-.. code-block:: c
+########
+Overview
+########
 
-   #include <pugl/pugl.h>
-
-The API revolves around two main objects: the `world` and the `view`.
+The Pugl API revolves around two main objects: the `world` and the `view`.
 An application creates a world to manage top-level state,
 then creates one or more views to display.
 
-****************
-Creating a World
-****************
-
-The world is the top-level object which represents an instance of Pugl.
-It handles the connection to the window system,
-and manages views and the event loop.
-
-An application typically has a single world,
-which is constructed once on startup and used to drive the main event loop.
-
-Construction
-============
-
-A world must be created before any views, and it must outlive all of its views.
-A world is created with :func:`puglNewWorld`, for example:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   PuglWorld* world = puglNewWorld(PUGL_PROGRAM, 0);
-
-For a plugin, specify :enumerator:`PUGL_MODULE <PuglWorldType.PUGL_MODULE>` instead.
-In some cases, it is necessary to pass additional flags.
-For example, Vulkan requires thread support:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   PuglWorld* world = puglNewWorld(PUGL_MODULE, PUGL_WORLD_THREADS)
-
-It is a good idea to set a class name for your project with :func:`puglSetClassName`.
-This allows the window system to distinguish different applications and,
-for example, users to set up rules to manage their windows nicely:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   puglSetClassName(world, "MyAwesomeProject")
-
-Setting Application Data
-========================
-
-Pugl will call an event handler in the application with only a view pointer and an event,
-so there needs to be some way to access the data you use in your application.
-This is done by setting an opaque handle on the world with :func:`puglSetWorldHandle`,
-for example:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   puglSetWorldHandle(world, myApp);
-
-The handle can be later retrieved with :func:`puglGetWorldHandle`:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   MyApp* app = (MyApp*)puglGetWorldHandle(world);
-
-All non-constant data should be accessed via this handle,
-to avoid problems associated with static mutable data.
-
-***************
-Creating a View
-***************
-
-A view is a drawable region that receives events.
-You may think of it as a window,
-though it may be embedded and not represent a top-level system window. [#f1]_
-
-Creating a visible view is a multi-step process.
-When a new view is created with :func:`puglNewView`,
-it does not yet represent a "real" system view:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   PuglView* view = puglNewView(world);
-
-Configuring the Frame
-=====================
-
-Before display,
-the necessary :doc:`frame <api/frame>` and :doc:`window <api/window>` attributes should be set.
-These allow the window system (or plugin host) to arrange the view properly.
-For example:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   const double defaultWidth  = 1920.0;
-   const double defaultHeight = 1080.0;
-
-   puglSetWindowTitle(view, "My Window");
-   puglSetDefaultSize(view, defaultWidth, defaultHeight);
-   puglSetMinSize(view, defaultWidth / 4.0, defaultHeight / 4.0);
-   puglSetAspectRatio(view, 1, 1, 16, 9);
-
-There are also several :enum:`hints <PuglViewHint>` for basic attributes that can be set:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   puglSetViewHint(view, PUGL_RESIZABLE, PUGL_TRUE);
-   puglSetViewHint(view, PUGL_IGNORE_KEY_REPEAT, PUGL_TRUE);
-
-Embedding
-=========
-
-To embed the view in another window,
-you will need to somehow get the :type:`native view handle <PuglNativeView>` for the parent,
-then set it with :func:`puglSetParentWindow`.
-If the parent is a Pugl view,
-the native handle can be accessed with :func:`puglGetNativeWindow`.
-For example:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   puglSetParentWindow(view, puglGetNativeWindow(parent));
-
-Setting an Event Handler
-========================
-
-In order to actually do anything, a view must process events from the system.
-Pugl dispatches all events to a single :type:`event handling function <PuglEventFunc>`,
-which is set with :func:`puglSetEventFunc`:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   puglSetEventFunc(view, onEvent);
-
-See `Handling Events`_ below for details on writing the event handler itself.
-
-Setting View Data
-=================
-
-Since the event handler is called with only a view pointer and an event,
-there needs to be some way to access application data associated with the view.
-Similar to `Setting Application Data`_ above,
-this is done by setting an opaque handle on the view with :func:`puglSetHandle`,
-for example:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   puglSetHandle(view, myViewData);
-
-The handle can be later retrieved,
-likely in the event handler,
-with :func:`puglGetHandle`:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   MyViewData* data = (MyViewData*)puglGetHandle(view);
-
-All non-constant data should be accessed via this handle,
-to avoid problems associated with static mutable data.
-
-If data is also associated with the world,
-it can be retrieved via the view using :func:`puglGetWorld`:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   PuglWorld* world = puglGetWorld(view);
-   MyApp*     app   = (MyApp*)puglGetWorldHandle(world);
-
-Setting a Backend
-=================
-
-Before being realized, the view must have a backend set with :func:`puglSetBackend`.
-
-The backend manages the graphics API that will be used for drawing.
-Pugl includes backends and supporting API for
-:doc:`Cairo <api/cairo>`, :doc:`OpenGL <api/gl>`, and :doc:`Vulkan <api/vulkan>`.
-
-Using Cairo
------------
-
-Cairo-specific API is declared in the ``cairo.h`` header:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   #include <pugl/cairo.h>
-
-The Cairo backend is provided by :func:`puglCairoBackend()`:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   puglSetBackend(view, puglCairoBackend());
-
-No additional configuration is required for Cairo.
-To draw when handling an expose event,
-the `Cairo context <https://www.cairographics.org/manual/cairo-cairo-t.html>`_ can be accessed with :func:`puglGetContext`:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   cairo_t* cr = (cairo_t*)puglGetContext(view);
-
-Using OpenGL
-------------
-
-OpenGL-specific API is declared in the ``gl.h`` header:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   #include <pugl/gl.h>
-
-The OpenGL backend is provided by :func:`puglGlBackend()`:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   puglSetBackend(view, puglGlBackend());
-
-Some hints must also be set so that the context can be set up correctly.
-For example, to use OpenGL 3.3 Core Profile:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   puglSetViewHint(view, PUGL_USE_COMPAT_PROFILE, PUGL_FALSE);
-   puglSetViewHint(view, PUGL_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
-   puglSetViewHint(view, PUGL_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
-
-If you need to perform some setup using the OpenGL API,
-there are two ways to do so.
-
-The OpenGL context is active when
-:enumerator:`PUGL_CREATE <PuglEventType.PUGL_CREATE>` and
-:enumerator:`PUGL_DESTROY <PuglEventType.PUGL_DESTROY>`
-events are dispatched,
-so things like creating and destroying shaders and textures can be done then.
-
-Alternatively, if it is cumbersome to set up and tear down OpenGL in the event handler,
-:func:`puglEnterContext` and :func:`puglLeaveContext` can be used to manually activate the OpenGL context during application setup.
-Note, however, that unlike many other APIs, these functions must not be used for drawing.
-It is only valid to use the OpenGL API for configuration in a manually entered context,
-rendering will not work.
-For example:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   puglEnterContext(view);
-   setupOpenGL(myApp);
-   puglLeaveContext(view);
-
-   while (!myApp->quit) {
-     puglUpdate(world, 0.0);
-   }
-
-   puglEnterContext(view);
-   teardownOpenGL(myApp);
-   puglLeaveContext(view);
-
-Using Vulkan
-------------
-
-Vulkan-specific API is declared in the ``vulkan.h`` header.
-This header includes Vulkan headers,
-so if you are dynamically loading Vulkan at runtime,
-you should define ``VK_NO_PROTOTYPES`` before including it.
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   #define VK_NO_PROTOTYPES
-
-   #include <pugl/vulkan.h>
-
-The Vulkan backend is provided by :func:`puglVulkanBackend()`:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   puglSetBackend(view, puglVulkanBackend());
-
-Unlike OpenGL, almost all Vulkan configuration is done using the Vulkan API directly.
-Pugl only provides a portable mechanism to load the Vulkan library and get the functions used to load the rest of the Vulkan API.
-
-Loading Vulkan
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-For maximum compatibility,
-it is best to not link to Vulkan at compile-time,
-but instead load the Vulkan API at run-time.
-To do so, first create a :struct:`PuglVulkanLoader`:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   PuglVulkanLoader* loader = puglNewVulkanLoader(world);
-
-The loader manages the dynamically loaded Vulkan library,
-so it must be kept alive for as long as the application is using Vulkan.
-You can get the function used to load Vulkan functions with :func:`puglGetInstanceProcAddrFunc`:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   PFN_vkGetInstanceProcAddr vkGetInstanceProcAddr =
-     puglGetInstanceProcAddrFunc(loader);
-
-This vkGetInstanceProcAddr_ function can be used to load the rest of the Vulkan API.
-For example, you can use it to get the vkCreateInstance_ function,
-then use that to create your Vulkan instance.
-In practice, you will want to use some loader or wrapper API since there are many Vulkan functions.
-
-For advanced situations,
-there is also :func:`puglGetDeviceProcAddrFunc` which retrieves the vkGetDeviceProcAddr_ function instead.
-
-The Vulkan loader is provided for convenience,
-so that applications to not need to write platform-specific code to load Vulkan.
-Its use it not mandatory and Pugl can be used with Vulkan loaded by some other method.
-
-Linking with Vulkan
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-If you do want to link to the Vulkan library at compile time,
-note that the Pugl Vulkan backend does not depend on it,
-so you will have to do so explicitly.
-
-Creating a Surface
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-The details of using Vulkan are far beyond the scope of this documentation,
-but Pugl provides a portable function, :func:`puglCreateSurface`,
-to get the Vulkan surface for a view.
-Assuming you have somehow created your ``VkInstance``,
-you can get the surface for a view using :func:`puglCreateSurface`:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   VkSurfaceKHR* surface = NULL;
-   puglCreateSurface(puglGetDeviceProcAddrFunc(loader),
-                     view,
-                     vulkanInstance,
-                     NULL,
-                     &surface);
-
-Showing the View
-================
-
-Once the view is configured, it can be "realized" with :func:`puglRealize`.
-This creates a "real" system view, for example:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   PuglStatus status = puglRealize(view);
-   if (status) {
-     fprintf(stderr, "Error realizing view (%s)\n", puglStrerror(status));
-   }
-
-Note that realizing a view can fail for many reasons,
-so the return code should always be checked.
-This is generally the case for any function that interacts with the window system.
-Most functions also return a :enum:`PuglStatus`,
-but these checks are omitted for brevity in the rest of this documentation.
-
-A realized view is not initially visible,
-but can be shown with :func:`puglShow`:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
-   puglShow(view);
-
-To create an initially visible view,
-it is also possible to simply call :func:`puglShow` right away.
-The view will be automatically realized if necessary.
-
-***************
-Handling Events
-***************
-
-Events are sent to a view when it has received user input,
-must be drawn, or in other situations that may need to be handled such as resizing.
-
-Events are sent to the event handler as a :union:`PuglEvent` union.
-The ``type`` field defines the type of the event and which field of the union is active.
-The application must handle at least :enumerator:`PUGL_CONFIGURE <PuglEventType.PUGL_CONFIGURE>`
-and :enumerator:`PUGL_EXPOSE <PuglEventType.PUGL_EXPOSE>` to draw anything,
-but there are many other :enum:`event types <PuglEventType>`.
-
-For example, a basic event handler might look something like this:
+The core API (excluding backend-specific components) is declared in ``pugl.h``:
 
 .. code-block:: c
 
-   static PuglStatus
-   onEvent(PuglView* view, const PuglEvent* event)
-   {
-     MyApp* app = (MyApp*)puglGetHandle(view);
-
-     switch (event->type) {
-     case PUGL_CREATE:
-       return setupGraphics(app);
-     case PUGL_DESTROY:
-       return teardownGraphics(app);
-     case PUGL_CONFIGURE:
-       return resize(app, event->configure.width, event->configure.height);
-     case PUGL_EXPOSE:
-       return draw(app, view);
-     case PUGL_CLOSE:
-       return quit(app);
-     case PUGL_BUTTON_PRESS:
-        return onButtonPress(app, view, event->button);
-     default:
-       break;
-     }
-
-     return PUGL_SUCCESS;
-   }
-
-Using the Graphics Context
-==========================
-
-Drawing
--------
-
-Note that Pugl uses a different drawing model than many libraries,
-particularly those designed for game-style main loops like `SDL <https://libsdl.org/>`_ and `GLFW <https://www.glfw.org/>`_.
-
-In that style of code, drawing is performed imperatively in the main loop,
-but with Pugl, the application must draw only while handling an expose event.
-This is because Pugl supports event-driven applications that only draw the damaged region when necessary,
-and handles exposure internally to provide optimized and consistent behavior across platforms.
-
-Cairo Context
--------------
-
-A Cairo context is created for each :struct:`PuglEventExpose`,
-and only exists during the handling of that event.
-Null is returned by :func:`puglGetContext` at any other time.
-
-OpenGL Context
---------------
-
-The OpenGL context is only active during the handling of these events:
-
-- :struct:`PuglEventCreate`
-- :struct:`PuglEventDestroy`
-- :struct:`PuglEventConfigure`
-- :struct:`PuglEventExpose`
-
-As always, drawing is only possible during an expose.
-
-Vulkan Context
---------------
-
-With Vulkan, the graphics context is managed by the application rather than Pugl.
-However, drawing must still only be performed during an expose.
-
-**********************
-Driving the Event Loop
-**********************
-
-Pugl does not contain any threads or other event loop "magic".
-For flexibility, the event loop is driven explicitly by repeatedly calling :func:`puglUpdate`,
-which processes events from the window system and dispatches them to views when necessary.
-
-The exact use of :func:`puglUpdate` depends on the application.
-Plugins should call it with a ``timeout`` of 0 in a callback driven by the host.
-This avoids blocking the main loop,
-since other plugins and the host itself need to run as well.
-
-A program can use whatever timeout is appropriate:
-event-driven applications may wait forever by using a ``timeout`` of -1,
-while those that draw continuously may use a significant fraction of the frame period
-(with enough time left over to render).
-
-Redrawing
-=========
-
-Occasional redrawing can be requested by calling :func:`puglPostRedisplay` or :func:`puglPostRedisplayRect`.
-After these are called,
-a :struct:`PuglEventExpose` will be dispatched on the next call to :func:`puglUpdate`.
-
-For continuous redrawing,
-call :func:`puglPostRedisplay` while handling a :struct:`PuglEventUpdate` event.
-This event is sent just before views are redrawn,
-so it can be used as a hook to expand the update region right before the view is exposed.
-Anything else that needs to be done every frame can be handled similarly.
-
-Event Dispatching
-=================
-
-Ideally, pending events are dispatched during a call to :func:`puglUpdate`,
-directly within the scope of that call.
-
-Unfortunately, this is not universally true due to differences between platforms.
-
-MacOS
------
-
-On MacOS, drawing is handled specially and not by the normal event queue mechanism.
-This means that configure and expose events,
-and possibly others,
-may be dispatched to a view outside the scope of a :func:`puglUpdate` call.
-In general, you can not rely on coherent event dispatching semantics on MacOS:
-the operating system can call into application code at "random" times,
-and these calls may result in Pugl events being dispatched.
-
-An application that follows the Pugl guidelines should work fine,
-but there is one significant inconsistency you may encounter on MacOS:
-posting a redisplay will not wake up a blocked :func:`puglUpdate` call.
-
-Windows
--------
-
-On Windows, the application has relatively tight control over the event loop,
-so events are typically dispatched explicitly by :func:`puglUpdate`.
-Drawing is handled by events,
-so posting a redisplay will wake up a blocked :func:`puglUpdate` call.
-
-However, it is possible for the system to dispatch events at other times.
-So,
-it is possible for events to be dispatched outside the scope of a :func:`puglUpdate` call,
-but this does not happen in normal circumstances and can largely be ignored.
-
-X11
----
-
-On X11, the application strictly controls event dispatching,
-and there is no way for the system to call into application code at surprising times.
-So, all events are dispatched in the scope of a :func:`puglUpdate` call.
-
-Recursive Event Loops
----------------------
-
-On Windows and MacOS,
-the event loop is stalled while the user is resizing the window or,
-on Windows,
-has displayed the window menu.
-This means that :func:`puglUpdate` will block until the resize is finished,
-or the menu is closed.
-
-Pugl dispatches :struct:`PuglEventLoopEnter` and :struct:`PuglEventLoopLeave` events to notify the application of this situation.
-If you want to continuously redraw during resizing on these platforms,
-you can schedule a timer with :func:`puglStartTimer` when the recursive loop is entered,
-and post redisplays when handling the :struct:`PuglEventTimer`.
-Be sure to remove the timer with :func:`puglStopTimer` when the recursive loop is finished.
-
-On X11, there are no recursive event loops,
-and everything works as usual while the user is resizing the window.
-There is nothing special about a "live resize" on X11,
-and the above loop events will never be dispatched.
-
-*************
-Shutting Down
-*************
-
-When a view is closed,
-it will receive a :struct:`PuglEventClose`.
-An application may also set a flag based on user input or other conditions,
-which can be used to break out of the main loop and stop calling :func:`puglUpdate`.
-
-When the main event loop has finished running,
-any views and the world need to be destroyed, in that order.
-For example:
+   #include <pugl/pugl.h>
 
-.. code-block:: c
+.. toctree::
 
-   puglFreeView(view);
-   puglFreeWorld(world);
+   world
+   view
+   events
+   event-loop
+   shutting-down
 
 .. _pkg-config: https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/pkg-config/
-
-.. _vkCreateInstance: https://www.khronos.org/registry/vulkan/specs/1.2-extensions/man/html/vkCreateInstance.html
-
-.. _vkGetDeviceProcAddr: https://www.khronos.org/registry/vulkan/specs/1.2-extensions/man/html/vkGetDeviceProcAddr.html
-
-.. _vkGetInstanceProcAddr: https://www.khronos.org/registry/vulkan/specs/1.2-extensions/man/html/vkGetInstanceProcAddr.html
-
-.. rubric:: Footnotes
-
-.. [#f1] MacOS has a strong distinction between
-   `views <https://developer.apple.com/documentation/appkit/nsview>`_,
-   which may be nested, and
-   `windows <https://developer.apple.com/documentation/appkit/nswindow>`_,
-   which may not.
-   On Windows and X11, everything is a nestable window,
-   but top-level windows are configured differently.

@@ 1,18 0,0 @@
-#############
-API Reference
-#############
-
-This section contains the generated documentation for all symbols in the public
-API.
-
-.. toctree::
-
-   api/status
-   api/world
-   api/view
-   api/events
-
-   api/cairo
-   api/gl
-   api/stub
-   api/vulkan

@@ 0,0 1,20 @@
+.. default-domain:: c
+.. highlight:: c
+
+#############
+Shutting Down
+#############
+
+When a view is closed,
+it will receive a :struct:`PuglEventClose`.
+An application may also set a flag based on user input or other conditions,
+which can be used to break out of the main loop and stop calling :func:`puglUpdate`.
+
+When the main event loop has finished running,
+any views and the world need to be destroyed, in that order.
+For example:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   puglFreeView(view);
+   puglFreeWorld(world);

@@ 0,0 1,321 @@
+.. default-domain:: c
+.. highlight:: c
+
+###############
+Creating a View
+###############
+
+A view is a drawable region that receives events.
+You may think of it as a window,
+though it may be embedded and not represent a top-level system window. [#f1]_
+
+Creating a visible view is a multi-step process.
+When a new view is created with :func:`puglNewView`,
+it does not yet represent a "real" system view:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   PuglView* view = puglNewView(world);
+
+*********************
+Configuring the Frame
+*********************
+
+Before display,
+the necessary :doc:`frame <api/frame>` and :doc:`window <api/window>` attributes should be set.
+These allow the window system (or plugin host) to arrange the view properly.
+For example:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   const double defaultWidth  = 1920.0;
+   const double defaultHeight = 1080.0;
+
+   puglSetWindowTitle(view, "My Window");
+   puglSetDefaultSize(view, defaultWidth, defaultHeight);
+   puglSetMinSize(view, defaultWidth / 4.0, defaultHeight / 4.0);
+   puglSetAspectRatio(view, 1, 1, 16, 9);
+
+There are also several :enum:`hints <PuglViewHint>` for basic attributes that can be set:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   puglSetViewHint(view, PUGL_RESIZABLE, PUGL_TRUE);
+   puglSetViewHint(view, PUGL_IGNORE_KEY_REPEAT, PUGL_TRUE);
+
+*********
+Embedding
+*********
+
+To embed the view in another window,
+you will need to somehow get the :type:`native view handle <PuglNativeView>` for the parent,
+then set it with :func:`puglSetParentWindow`.
+If the parent is a Pugl view,
+the native handle can be accessed with :func:`puglGetNativeWindow`.
+For example:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   puglSetParentWindow(view, puglGetNativeWindow(parent));
+
+************************
+Setting an Event Handler
+************************
+
+In order to actually do anything, a view must process events from the system.
+Pugl dispatches all events to a single :type:`event handling function <PuglEventFunc>`,
+which is set with :func:`puglSetEventFunc`:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   puglSetEventFunc(view, onEvent);
+
+See :doc:`events` for details on writing the event handler itself.
+
+*****************
+Setting View Data
+*****************
+
+Since the event handler is called with only a view pointer and an event,
+there needs to be some way to access application data associated with the view.
+Similar to :ref:`setting application data <setting-application-data>`,
+this is done by setting an opaque handle on the view with :func:`puglSetHandle`,
+for example:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   puglSetHandle(view, myViewData);
+
+The handle can be later retrieved,
+likely in the event handler,
+with :func:`puglGetHandle`:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   MyViewData* data = (MyViewData*)puglGetHandle(view);
+
+All non-constant data should be accessed via this handle,
+to avoid problems associated with static mutable data.
+
+If data is also associated with the world,
+it can be retrieved via the view using :func:`puglGetWorld`:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   PuglWorld* world = puglGetWorld(view);
+   MyApp*     app   = (MyApp*)puglGetWorldHandle(world);
+
+*****************
+Setting a Backend
+*****************
+
+Before being realized, the view must have a backend set with :func:`puglSetBackend`.
+
+The backend manages the graphics API that will be used for drawing.
+Pugl includes backends and supporting API for
+:doc:`Cairo <api/cairo>`, :doc:`OpenGL <api/gl>`, and :doc:`Vulkan <api/vulkan>`.
+
+Using Cairo
+===========
+
+Cairo-specific API is declared in the ``cairo.h`` header:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   #include <pugl/cairo.h>
+
+The Cairo backend is provided by :func:`puglCairoBackend()`:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   puglSetBackend(view, puglCairoBackend());
+
+No additional configuration is required for Cairo.
+To draw when handling an expose event,
+the `Cairo context <https://www.cairographics.org/manual/cairo-cairo-t.html>`_ can be accessed with :func:`puglGetContext`:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   cairo_t* cr = (cairo_t*)puglGetContext(view);
+
+Using OpenGL
+============
+
+OpenGL-specific API is declared in the ``gl.h`` header:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   #include <pugl/gl.h>
+
+The OpenGL backend is provided by :func:`puglGlBackend()`:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   puglSetBackend(view, puglGlBackend());
+
+Some hints must also be set so that the context can be set up correctly.
+For example, to use OpenGL 3.3 Core Profile:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   puglSetViewHint(view, PUGL_USE_COMPAT_PROFILE, PUGL_FALSE);
+   puglSetViewHint(view, PUGL_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
+   puglSetViewHint(view, PUGL_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
+
+If you need to perform some setup using the OpenGL API,
+there are two ways to do so.
+
+The OpenGL context is active when
+:enumerator:`PUGL_CREATE <PuglEventType.PUGL_CREATE>` and
+:enumerator:`PUGL_DESTROY <PuglEventType.PUGL_DESTROY>`
+events are dispatched,
+so things like creating and destroying shaders and textures can be done then.
+
+Alternatively, if it is cumbersome to set up and tear down OpenGL in the event handler,
+:func:`puglEnterContext` and :func:`puglLeaveContext` can be used to manually activate the OpenGL context during application setup.
+Note, however, that unlike many other APIs, these functions must not be used for drawing.
+It is only valid to use the OpenGL API for configuration in a manually entered context,
+rendering will not work.
+For example:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   puglEnterContext(view);
+   setupOpenGL(myApp);
+   puglLeaveContext(view);
+
+   while (!myApp->quit) {
+     puglUpdate(world, 0.0);
+   }
+
+   puglEnterContext(view);
+   teardownOpenGL(myApp);
+   puglLeaveContext(view);
+
+Using Vulkan
+============
+
+Vulkan-specific API is declared in the ``vulkan.h`` header.
+This header includes Vulkan headers,
+so if you are dynamically loading Vulkan at runtime,
+you should define ``VK_NO_PROTOTYPES`` before including it.
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   #define VK_NO_PROTOTYPES
+
+   #include <pugl/vulkan.h>
+
+The Vulkan backend is provided by :func:`puglVulkanBackend()`:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   puglSetBackend(view, puglVulkanBackend());
+
+Unlike OpenGL, almost all Vulkan configuration is done using the Vulkan API directly.
+Pugl only provides a portable mechanism to load the Vulkan library and get the functions used to load the rest of the Vulkan API.
+
+Loading Vulkan
+--------------
+
+For maximum compatibility,
+it is best to not link to Vulkan at compile-time,
+but instead load the Vulkan API at run-time.
+To do so, first create a :struct:`PuglVulkanLoader`:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   PuglVulkanLoader* loader = puglNewVulkanLoader(world);
+
+The loader manages the dynamically loaded Vulkan library,
+so it must be kept alive for as long as the application is using Vulkan.
+You can get the function used to load Vulkan functions with :func:`puglGetInstanceProcAddrFunc`:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   PFN_vkGetInstanceProcAddr vkGetInstanceProcAddr =
+     puglGetInstanceProcAddrFunc(loader);
+
+This vkGetInstanceProcAddr_ function can be used to load the rest of the Vulkan API.
+For example, you can use it to get the vkCreateInstance_ function,
+then use that to create your Vulkan instance.
+In practice, you will want to use some loader or wrapper API since there are many Vulkan functions.
+
+For advanced situations,
+there is also :func:`puglGetDeviceProcAddrFunc` which retrieves the vkGetDeviceProcAddr_ function instead.
+
+The Vulkan loader is provided for convenience,
+so that applications to not need to write platform-specific code to load Vulkan.
+Its use it not mandatory and Pugl can be used with Vulkan loaded by some other method.
+
+Linking with Vulkan
+-------------------
+
+If you do want to link to the Vulkan library at compile time,
+note that the Pugl Vulkan backend does not depend on it,
+so you will have to do so explicitly.
+
+Creating a Surface
+------------------
+
+The details of using Vulkan are far beyond the scope of this documentation,
+but Pugl provides a portable function, :func:`puglCreateSurface`,
+to get the Vulkan surface for a view.
+Assuming you have somehow created your ``VkInstance``,
+you can get the surface for a view using :func:`puglCreateSurface`:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   VkSurfaceKHR* surface = NULL;
+   puglCreateSurface(puglGetDeviceProcAddrFunc(loader),
+                     view,
+                     vulkanInstance,
+                     NULL,
+                     &surface);
+
+****************
+Showing the View
+****************
+
+Once the view is configured, it can be "realized" with :func:`puglRealize`.
+This creates a "real" system view, for example:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   PuglStatus status = puglRealize(view);
+   if (status) {
+     fprintf(stderr, "Error realizing view (%s)\n", puglStrerror(status));
+   }
+
+Note that realizing a view can fail for many reasons,
+so the return code should always be checked.
+This is generally the case for any function that interacts with the window system.
+Most functions also return a :enum:`PuglStatus`,
+but these checks are omitted for brevity in the rest of this documentation.
+
+A realized view is not initially visible,
+but can be shown with :func:`puglShow`:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   puglShow(view);
+
+To create an initially visible view,
+it is also possible to simply call :func:`puglShow` right away.
+The view will be automatically realized if necessary.
+
+.. rubric:: Footnotes
+
+.. [#f1] MacOS has a strong distinction between
+   `views <https://developer.apple.com/documentation/appkit/nsview>`_,
+   which may be nested, and
+   `windows <https://developer.apple.com/documentation/appkit/nswindow>`_,
+   which may not.
+   On Windows and X11, everything is a nestable window,
+   but top-level windows are configured differently.
+
+.. _vkCreateInstance: https://www.khronos.org/registry/vulkan/specs/1.2-extensions/man/html/vkCreateInstance.html
+
+.. _vkGetDeviceProcAddr: https://www.khronos.org/registry/vulkan/specs/1.2-extensions/man/html/vkGetDeviceProcAddr.html
+
+.. _vkGetInstanceProcAddr: https://www.khronos.org/registry/vulkan/specs/1.2-extensions/man/html/vkGetInstanceProcAddr.html

@@ 0,0 1,65 @@
+################
+Creating a World
+################
+
+.. default-domain:: c
+.. highlight:: c
+
+The world is the top-level object which represents an instance of Pugl.
+It handles the connection to the window system,
+and manages views and the event loop.
+
+An application typically has a single world,
+which is constructed once on startup and used to drive the main event loop.
+
+************
+Construction
+************
+
+A world must be created before any views, and it must outlive all of its views.
+A world is created with :func:`puglNewWorld`, for example:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   PuglWorld* world = puglNewWorld(PUGL_PROGRAM, 0);
+
+For a plugin, specify :enumerator:`PUGL_MODULE <PuglWorldType.PUGL_MODULE>` instead.
+In some cases, it is necessary to pass additional flags.
+For example, Vulkan requires thread support:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   PuglWorld* world = puglNewWorld(PUGL_MODULE, PUGL_WORLD_THREADS)
+
+It is a good idea to set a class name for your project with :func:`puglSetClassName`.
+This allows the window system to distinguish different applications and,
+for example, users to set up rules to manage their windows nicely:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   puglSetClassName(world, "MyAwesomeProject")
+
+.. _setting-application-data:
+
+************************
+Setting Application Data
+************************
+
+Pugl will call an event handler in the application with only a view pointer and an event,
+so there needs to be some way to access the data you use in your application.
+This is done by setting an opaque handle on the world with :func:`puglSetWorldHandle`,
+for example:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   puglSetWorldHandle(world, myApp);
+
+The handle can be later retrieved with :func:`puglGetWorldHandle`:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+   MyApp* app = (MyApp*)puglGetWorldHandle(world);
+
+All non-constant data should be accessed via this handle,
+to avoid problems associated with static mutable data.
+

@@ 1,43 0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
-
-def build(bld):
-    dox_to_sphinx = bld.path.find_node("../../scripts/dox_to_sphinx.py")
-    index_xml = bld.path.get_bld().make_node("xml/index.xml")
-
-    files = [
-        ("../../resources/pugl.svg", "sphinx/_static/pugl.svg"),
-        ("../_static/custom.css", "sphinx/_static/custom.css"),
-        ("../_templates/about.html", "sphinx/_templates/about.html"),
-        ("../deployment.rst", "sphinx/deployment.rst"),
-        ("../pugl.rst", "sphinx/pugl.rst"),
-        ("index.rst", "sphinx/index.rst"),
-        ("overview.rst", "sphinx/overview.rst"),
-        ("reference.rst", "sphinx/reference.rst"),
-    ]
-
-    # Run Doxygen to generate XML documentation
-    bld(features="doxygen", doxyfile="Doxyfile")
-
-    # Substitute variables to make Sphinx configuration file
-    bld(features="subst",
-        source="../conf.py.in",
-        target="sphinx/conf.py",
-        PUGL_VERSION=bld.env.PUGL_VERSION)
-
-    # Copy static documentation files to Sphinx build directory
-    for f in files:
-        bld(features="subst", is_copy=True, source=f[0], target=f[1])
-
-    # Generate Sphinx markup from Doxygen XML
-    bld.add_group()
-    bld(rule="${PYTHON} " + dox_to_sphinx.abspath() + " -f ${SRC} ${TGT}",
-        source=index_xml,
-        target="sphinx/api/")
-
-    # Run Sphinx to generate HTML documentation
-    doc_dir = bld.env.DOCDIR + "/pugl-%s/" % bld.env.PUGL_MAJOR_VERSION
-    bld(features="sphinx",
-        sphinx_source=bld.path.get_bld().make_node("sphinx"),
-        sphinx_output_format="singlehtml",
-        sphinx_options=["-E", "-q"],
-        install_path=doc_dir + "c/singlehtml/")

@@ 0,0 1,19 @@
+doxygen = find_program('doxygen')
+
+c_doxygen_input = []
+foreach h : c_headers
+  c_doxygen_input += ['..' / h]
+endforeach
+
+config = configuration_data()
+config.set('PUGL_HEADERS', ' '.join(c_doxygen_input))
+config.set('PUGL_SRCDIR', pugl_src_root)
+
+c_doxyfile = configure_file(configuration: config,
+                            input: '../Doxyfile.in',
+                            output: 'Doxyfile')
+
+c_index_xml = custom_target('c-index.xml',
+                            command: [doxygen, '@INPUT0@'],
+                            input: [c_doxyfile] + c_header_files,
+                            output: 'index.xml')

@@ 7,20 7,12 @@ release = "@PUGL_VERSION@"
 
 # General configuration
 
+exclude_patterns = ["xml"]
 language = "en"
-
-extensions = [
-    # 'breathe',
-    # 'sphinx_rtd_theme',
-    # 'sphinx.ext.autodoc',
-    # 'sphinx.ext.doctest',
-    # 'sphinx.ext.napoleon',
-    # 'sphinx.ext.viewcode',
-]
-
-# Enable nitpicky mode to get warnings about broken links
-# Unfortunately this means we need to explicitly ignore everything external
 nitpicky = True
+pygments_style = "friendly"
+
+# Ignore everything opaque or external for nitpicky mode
 _opaque = [
     "PFN_vkGetDeviceProcAddr",
     "PFN_vkGetInstanceProcAddr",


@@ 36,53 28,58 @@ _opaque = [
     "uint32_t",
     "uintptr_t",
 ]
+
 _c_nitpick_ignore = map(lambda x: ("c:identifier", x), _opaque)
 _cpp_nitpick_ignore = map(lambda x: ("cpp:identifier", x), _opaque)
 nitpick_ignore = list(_c_nitpick_ignore) + list(_cpp_nitpick_ignore)
 
-templates_path = ["_templates"]
-
-pygments_style = "friendly"
-
 # C++
 
 cpp_index_common_prefix = ["pugl::"]
 
 # HTML output
 
-exclude_patterns = ["xml"]
-html_static_path = ["_static"]
-
-html_theme = "alabaster"
-# html_theme = "sphinx_rtd_theme"
+html_copy_source = False
+html_short_title = "Pugl"
+html_static_path = ["../_static"]
+html_theme = "sphinx_lv2_theme"
 
-if html_theme == "alabaster":
+if tags.has('singlehtml'):
+    html_sidebars = {
+        "**": [
+        "globaltoc.html",
+        ]
+    }
 
     html_theme_options = {
+        "body_max_width": "51em",
+        "body_min_width": "51em",
         "description": "A minimal portable API for embeddable GUIs.",
-        "donate_url": "http://drobilla.net/pages/donate.html",
-        # "github_repo": "pugl",
-        # "github_user": "lv2",
+        "show_footer_version": True,
+        "show_logo_version": False,
         "logo": "pugl.svg",
         "logo_name": True,
-        "logo_text_align": "center",
-        "page_width": "80em - 20em",
-        "sidebar_width": "20em",
-    }
-
-    html_sidebars = {
-        "**": [
-            "about.html",
-            "localtoc.html",
-            "donate.html",
-        ]
+        "logo_width": "8em",
+        "nosidebar": False,
+        "page_width": "80em",
+        "sidebar_width": "16em",
+        "globaltoc_maxdepth": 3,
+        "globaltoc_collapse": False,
     }
 
-elif html_theme == "sphinx_rtd_theme":
-
+else:
     html_theme_options = {
-        "sticky_navigation": False,
-        "collapse_navigation": False,
-        "navigation_depth": 4,
-        "display_version": True,
+        "body_max_width": "60em",
+        "body_min_width": "40em",
+        "description": "A minimal portable API for embeddable GUIs.",
+        "show_footer_version": True,
+        "show_logo_version": False,
+        "logo": "pugl.svg",
+        "logo_name": True,
+        "logo_width": "8em",
+        "nosidebar": True,
+        "page_width": "60em",
+        "sidebar_width": "14em",
+        "globaltoc_maxdepth": 1,
+        "globaltoc_collapse": True,
     }

@@ 2,7 2,7 @@ PROJECT_NAME           = Pugl
 PROJECT_BRIEF          = "A minimal portable API for embeddable GUIs"
 
 QUIET                  = YES
-WARN_AS_ERROR          = NO
+WARN_AS_ERROR          = YES
 WARN_IF_UNDOCUMENTED   = NO
 WARN_NO_PARAMDOC       = NO
 


@@ 26,15 26,7 @@ SHOW_FILES             = NO
 MACRO_EXPANSION        = YES
 PREDEFINED             = PUGL_API PUGL_DISABLE_DEPRECATED PUGL_CONST_API= PUGL_CONST_FUNC=
 
-INPUT                  = ../../include/pugl/cairo.h \
-                         ../../include/pugl/gl.h \
-                         ../../include/pugl/pugl.h \
-                         ../../include/pugl/stub.h \
-                         ../../include/pugl/vulkan.h \
-                         ../../bindings/cxx/include/pugl/cairo.hpp \
-                         ../../bindings/cxx/include/pugl/gl.hpp \
-                         ../../bindings/cxx/include/pugl/pugl.hpp \
-                         ../../bindings/cxx/include/pugl/stub.hpp \
-                         ../../bindings/cxx/include/pugl/vulkan.hpp
+STRIP_FROM_PATH        = @PUGL_SRCDIR@
+INPUT                  = @PUGL_HEADERS@
 
-OUTPUT_DIRECTORY       = .
+OUTPUT_DIRECTORY       = doc/cpp

@@ 0,0 1,5 @@
+cpp_pugl_rst = custom_target(
+  'C++ API ReST Documentation',
+  command: [dox_to_sphinx, '-l', 'cpp', '-f', '@INPUT@', 'doc/cpp/api'],
+  input: cpp_index_xml,
+  output: 'pugl.rst')

@@ 1,20 0,0 @@
-###############
-C API Reference
-###############
-
-This section contains the generated documentation for all symbols in the public
-C API.
-It is included here because some C++ wrapper definitions refer to the underlying C symbols,
-but direct use of the C API should not be necessary in C++ applications.
-
-.. toctree::
-
-   api/status
-   api/world
-   api/view
-   api/events
-
-   api/cairo
-   api/gl
-   api/stub
-   api/vulkan

@@ 1,18 0,0 @@
-#################
-C++ API Reference
-#################
-
-This section contains the generated documentation for all symbols in the public
-C++ API.
-
-.. toctree::
-
-   api/statusxx
-   api/worldxx
-   api/viewxx
-   api/eventsxx
-
-   api/cairoxx
-   api/glxx
-   api/stubxx
-   api/vulkanxx

@@ 0,0 1,37 @@
+.. default-domain:: cpp
+.. highlight:: cpp
+.. namespace:: pugl
+
+######################
+Driving the Event Loop
+######################
+
+Pugl does not contain any threads or other event loop "magic".
+For flexibility, the event loop is driven manually by repeatedly calling :func:`World::update`,
+which processes events from the window system and dispatches them to views when necessary.
+
+The exact use of :func:`World::update` depends on the application.
+Plugins typically call it with a ``timeout`` of 0 in a callback driven by the host.
+This avoids blocking the main loop,
+since other plugins and the host itself need to run as well.
+
+A program can use whatever timeout is appropriate:
+event-driven applications may wait forever by using a ``timeout`` of -1,
+while those that draw continuously may use a significant fraction of the frame period
+(with enough time left over to render).
+
+*********
+Redrawing
+*********
+
+Occasional redrawing can be requested by calling :func:`View::postRedisplay` or :func:`View::postRedisplayRect`.
+After these are called,
+a :type:`ExposeEvent` will be dispatched on the next call to :func:`World::update`.
+Note, however, that this will not wake up a blocked :func:`World::update` call on MacOS
+(which does not handle drawing via events).
+
+For continuous redrawing,
+call :func:`View::postRedisplay` while handling a :type:`UpdateEvent`.
+This event is sent just before views are redrawn,
+so it can be used as a hook to expand the update region right before the view is exposed.
+Anything else that needs to be done every frame can be handled similarly.

@@ 0,0 1,43 @@
+.. default-domain:: cpp
+.. highlight:: cpp
+.. namespace:: pugl
+
+###############   
+Handling Events
+###############
+
+Events are sent to a view when it has received user input,
+must be drawn, or in other situations that may need to be handled such as resizing.
+
+Events are sent to the ``onEvent`` method that takes the matching event type.
+The application must handle at least :type:`ConfigureEvent`
+and :type:`ExposeEvent` to draw anything,
+but there are many other :type:`event types <pugl::EventType>`.
+
+For example, basic event handling for our above class might look something like:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   pugl::Status
+   MyView::onEvent(const pugl::ConfigureEvent& event) noexcept
+   {
+     return resize(event.width, event.height);
+   }
+
+   pugl::Status
+   MyView::onEvent(const pugl::ExposeEvent& event) noexcept
+   {
+     return drawMyAwesomeInterface(event.x, event.y, event.width, event.height);
+   }
+
+*******
+Drawing
+*******
+
+Note that Pugl uses a different drawing model than many libraries,
+particularly those designed for game-style main loops like `SDL <https://libsdl.org/>`_ and `GLFW <https://www.glfw.org/>`_.
+
+In that style of code, drawing is performed imperatively in the main loop,
+but with Pugl, the application must draw only while handling an expose event.
+This is because Pugl supports event-driven applications that only draw the damaged region when necessary,
+and handles exposure internally to provide optimized and consistent behavior across platforms.

@@ 1,7 1,12 @@
+####
+Pugl
+####
+
+.. include:: summary.rst
+
 .. toctree::
 
-   pugl
    deployment
    overview
-   cpp-reference
-   c-reference
+   api/pugl
+   api/puglxx

@@ 0,0 1,43 @@
+config = configuration_data()
+config.set('PUGL_VERSION', meson.project_version())
+
+conf_py = configure_file(configuration: config,
+                         input: '../conf.py.in',
+                         output: 'conf.py')
+
+configure_file(copy: true, input: '../deployment.rst', output: 'deployment.rst')
+configure_file(copy: true, input: '../summary.rst', output: 'summary.rst')
+
+cpp_rst_files = files(
+  'index.rst',
+  'overview.rst',
+  'world.rst',
+  'view.rst',
+  'events.rst',
+  'event-loop.rst',
+)
+
+foreach f : cpp_rst_files
+  configure_file(copy: true, input: f, output: '@PLAINNAME@')
+endforeach
+
+subdir('xml')
+subdir('api')
+
+docs = custom_target(
+  'C++ API Documentation (singlehtml)',
+  command: [sphinx_build, '-M', 'singlehtml', 'doc/cpp/', 'doc/cpp/', '-E', '-q', '-t', 'singlehtml'],
+  input: [cpp_rst_files, cpp_pugl_rst, cpp_index_xml],
+  output: 'singlehtml',
+  build_by_default: true,
+  install: true,
+  install_dir: docdir / 'puglxx-0')
+
+docs = custom_target(
+  'C++ API Documentation (html)',
+  command: [sphinx_build, '-M', 'html', 'doc/cpp/', 'doc/cpp/', '-E', '-q', '-t', 'html'],
+  input: [cpp_rst_files, cpp_pugl_rst, cpp_index_xml],
+  output: 'html',
+  build_by_default: true,
+  install: true,
+  install_dir: docdir / 'puglxx-0')

@@ 2,6 2,10 @@
 .. highlight:: cpp
 .. namespace:: pugl
 
+########
+Overview
+########
+
 Pugl is a C library,
 but the bindings documented here provide a more idiomatic and type-safe API for C++.
 If you would rather use C,


@@ 23,401 27,9 @@ The API revolves around two main objects: the `world` and the `view`.
 An application creates a world to manage top-level state,
 then creates one or more views to display.
 
-Creating a World
-================
-
-The world is the top-level object which represents an instance of Pugl.
-It handles the connection to the window system,
-and manages views and the event loop.
-
-An application typically has a single world,
-which is constructed once on startup and used to drive the main event loop.
-
-Construction
-------------
-
-A world must be created before any views, and it must outlive all of its views.
-The world constructor requires an argument to specify the application type:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   pugl::World world{pugl::WorldType::program};
-
-For a plugin, specify :enumerator:`WorldType::module` instead.
-In some cases, it is necessary to pass additional flags.
-For example, Vulkan requires thread support:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   pugl::World world{pugl::WorldType::program, pugl::WorldFlag::threads};
-
-It is a good idea to set a class name for your project with :func:`World::setClassName`.
-This allows the window system to distinguish different applications and,
-for example, users to set up rules to manage their windows nicely:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   world.setClassName("MyAwesomeProject");
-
-Creating a View
-===============
-
-A `view` is a drawable region that receives events.
-You may think of it as a window,
-though it may be embedded and not represent a top-level system window. [#f1]_
-
-Pugl communicates with views by dispatching events.
-For flexibility, the event handler can be a different object than the view.
-This allows using :class:`View` along with a separate event handler class.
-Alternatively, a view class can inherit from :class:`View` and set itself as its event handler,
-for a more object-oriented style.
-
-This documentation will use the latter approach,
-so we will define a class for our view that contains everything needed:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   class MyView : public pugl::View
-   {
-   public:
-     explicit MyView(pugl::World& world)
-         : pugl::View{world}
-     {
-       setEventHandler(*this);
-     }
-
-     pugl::Status onEvent(const pugl::ConfigureEvent& event) noexcept;
-     pugl::Status onEvent(const pugl::ExposeEvent& event) noexcept;
-
-     // With other handlers here as needed...
-
-     // Fallback handler for all other events
-     template<PuglEventType t, class Base>
-     pugl::Status onEvent(const pugl::Event<t, Base>&) noexcept
-     {
-          return pugl::Status::success;
-     }
-
-   private:
-     // Some data...
-   };
-
-Pugl will call an ``onEvent`` method of the event handler (the view in this case) for every event.
-
-Note that Pugl uses a static dispatching mechanism rather than virtual functions to minimize overhead.
-It is therefore necessary for the final class to define a handler for every event type.
-A terse way to do this without writing every implementation is to define a fallback handler as a template,
-as in the example above.
-Alternatively, you can define an explicit handler for each event that simply returns :enumerator:`Status::success`.
-This way, it will be a compile error if any event is not explicitly handled.
-
-Configuring the Frame
----------------------
-
-Before display,
-the necessary :doc:`frame <api/frame>` and :doc:`window <api/window>` attributes should be set.
-These allow the window system (or plugin host) to arrange the view properly.
-
-Derived classes can configure themselves during construction,
-but we assume here that configuration is being done outside the view.
-For example:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   const double defaultWidth = 1920.0;
-   const double defaultHeight = 1080.0;
-
-   view.setWindowTitle("My Window");
-   view.setDefaultSize(defaultWidth, defaultHeight);
-   view.setMinSize(defaultWidth / 4.0, defaultHeight / 4.0);
-   view.setAspectRatio(1, 1, 16, 9);
-
-There are also several :type:`hints <PuglViewHint>` for basic attributes that can be set:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   view.setHint(pugl::ViewHint::resizable, true);
-   view.setHint(pugl::ViewHint::ignoreKeyRepeat, true);
-
-Embedding
----------
-
-To embed the view in another window,
-you will need to somehow get the :type:`native view handle <pugl::NativeView>` for the parent,
-then set it with :func:`View::setParentWindow`.
-If the parent is a Pugl view,
-the native handle can be accessed with :func:`View::nativeWindow`.
-For example:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   view.setParentWindow(view, parent.getNativeWindow());
-
-Setting a Backend
------------------
-
-Before being realized, the view must have a backend set with :func:`View::setBackend`.
-
-The backend manages the graphics API that will be used for drawing.
-Pugl includes backends and supporting API for
-:doc:`Cairo <api/cairo>`, :doc:`OpenGL <api/gl>`, and :doc:`Vulkan <api/vulkan>`.
-
-Using Cairo
-^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-Cairo-specific API is declared in the ``cairo.hpp`` header:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   #include <pugl/cairo.hpp>
-
-The Cairo backend is provided by :func:`cairoBackend()`:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   view.setBackend(pugl::cairoBackend());
-
-No additional configuration is required for Cairo.
-To draw when handling an expose event,
-the `Cairo context <https://www.cairographics.org/manual/cairo-cairo-t.html>`_ can be accessed with :func:`View::context`:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   cairo_t* cr = static_cast<cairo_t*>(view.context());
-
-Using OpenGL
-^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-OpenGL-specific API is declared in the ``gl.hpp`` header:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   #include <pugl/gl.hpp>
-
-The OpenGL backend is provided by :func:`glBackend()`:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   view.setBackend(pugl::glBackend());
-
-Some hints must also be set so that the context can be set up correctly.
-For example, to use OpenGL 3.3 Core Profile:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   view.setHint(pugl::ViewHint::useCompatProfile, false);
-   view.setHint(pugl::ViewHint::contextVersionMajor, 3);
-   view.setHint(pugl::ViewHint::contextVersionMinor, 3);
-
-If you need to perform some setup using the OpenGL API,
-there are two ways to do so.
-
-The OpenGL context is active when
-:type:`CreateEvent` and
-:type:`DestroyEvent`
-events are dispatched,
-so things like creating and destroying shaders and textures can be done then.
-
-Alternatively, if it is cumbersome to set up and tear down OpenGL in the event handler,
-:func:`enterContext` and :func:`leaveContext` can be used to manually activate the OpenGL context during application setup.
-Note, however, that unlike many other APIs, these functions must not be used for drawing.
-It is only valid to use the OpenGL API for configuration in a manually entered context,
-rendering will not work.
-For example:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   pugl::enterContext(view);
-   myApp.setupOpenGL();
-   pugl::leaveContext(view);
-
-   while (!myApp.quit()) {
-     world.update(0.0);
-   }
-
-   pugl::enterContext(view);
-   myApp.teardownOpenGL();
-   pugl::leaveContext(view);
-
-Using Vulkan
-^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-Vulkan-specific API is declared in the ``vulkan.hpp`` header.
-This header includes Vulkan headers,
-so if you are dynamically loading Vulkan at runtime,
-you should define ``VK_NO_PROTOTYPES`` before including it.
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   #define VK_NO_PROTOTYPES
-
-   #include <pugl/vulkan.hpp>
-
-The Vulkan backend is provided by :func:`vulkanBackend()`:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   view.setBackend(pugl::vulkanBackend());
-
-Unlike OpenGL, almost all Vulkan configuration is done using the Vulkan API directly.
-Pugl only provides a portable mechanism to load the Vulkan library and get the functions used to load the rest of the Vulkan API.
-
-Loading Vulkan
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-For maximum compatibility,
-it is best to not link to Vulkan at compile-time,
-but instead load the Vulkan API at run-time.
-To do so, first create a :class:`VulkanLoader`:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   pugl::VulkanLoader loader{world};
-
-The loader manages the dynamically loaded Vulkan library,
-so it must be kept alive for as long as the application is using Vulkan.
-You can get the function used to load Vulkan functions with :func:`VulkanLoader::getInstanceProcAddrFunc`:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   auto vkGetInstanceProcAddr = loader.getInstanceProcAddrFunc();
-
-It is best to use this function to load everything at run time,
-rather than link to the Vulkan library at run time.
-You can, for example, pass this to get the ``vkCreateInstance`` function using this,
-then use that to create your Vulkan instance.
-In practice, you will want to use some loader or wrapper API since there are many Vulkan functions.
-
-It is not necessary to use :class:`VulkanLoader`,
-you can, for example, use the ``DynamicLoader`` from ``vulkan.hpp`` in the Vulkan SDK instead.
-
-The details of using Vulkan are far beyond the scope of this documentation,
-but Pugl provides a portable function, :func:`createSurface`,
-to get the Vulkan surface for a view.
-Assuming you have somehow created your ``VkInstance``,
-you can get the surface for a view using :func:`createSurface`:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   VkSurfaceKHR* surface = nullptr;
-   puglCreateSurface(loader.getDeviceProcAddrFunc(),
-                     view,
-                     vulkanInstance,
-                     nullptr,
-                     &surface);
-
-Pugl does not provide API that uses ``vulkan.hpp`` to avoid the onerous dependency,
-but if you are using it with exceptions and unique handles,
-it is straightforward to wrap the surface handle yourself.
-
-Showing the View
-----------------
-
-Once the view is configured, it can be "realized" with :func:`View::realize`.
-This creates a "real" system view, for example:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   pugl::Status status = view.realize();
-   if (status != pugl::Status::success) {
-     std::cerr << "Error realizing view: " << pugl::strerror(status) << "\n";
-   }
-
-Note that realizing a view can fail for many reasons,
-so the return code should always be checked.
-This is generally the case for any function that interacts with the window system.
-Most functions also return a :enum:`Status`,
-but these checks are omitted for brevity in the rest of this documentation.
-
-A realized view is not initially visible,
-but can be shown with :func:`View::show`:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   view.show();
-
-To create an initially visible view,
-it is also possible to simply call :func:`View::show()` right away.
-The view will be automatically realized if necessary.
-
-Handling Events
-===============
-
-Events are sent to a view when it has received user input,
-must be drawn, or in other situations that may need to be handled such as resizing.
-
-Events are sent to the ``onEvent`` method that takes the matching event type.
-The application must handle at least :type:`ConfigureEvent`
-and :type:`ExposeEvent` to draw anything,
-but there are many other :type:`event types <pugl::EventType>`.
-
-For example, basic event handling for our above class might look something like:
-
-.. code-block:: cpp
-
-   pugl::Status
-   MyView::onEvent(const pugl::ConfigureEvent& event) noexcept
-   {
-     return resize(event.width, event.height);
-   }
-
-   pugl::Status
-   MyView::onEvent(const pugl::ExposeEvent& event) noexcept
-   {
-     return drawMyAwesomeInterface(event.x, event.y, event.width, event.height);
-   }
-
-Drawing
--------
-
-Note that Pugl uses a different drawing model than many libraries,
-particularly those designed for game-style main loops like `SDL <https://libsdl.org/>`_ and `GLFW <https://www.glfw.org/>`_.
-
-In that style of code, drawing is performed imperatively in the main loop,
-but with Pugl, the application must draw only while handling an expose event.
-This is because Pugl supports event-driven applications that only draw the damaged region when necessary,
-and handles exposure internally to provide optimized and consistent behavior across platforms.
-
-Driving the Event Loop
-======================
-
-Pugl does not contain any threads or other event loop "magic".
-For flexibility, the event loop is driven manually by repeatedly calling :func:`World::update`,
-which processes events from the window system and dispatches them to views when necessary.
-
-The exact use of :func:`World::update` depends on the application.
-Plugins typically call it with a ``timeout`` of 0 in a callback driven by the host.
-This avoids blocking the main loop,
-since other plugins and the host itself need to run as well.
-
-A program can use whatever timeout is appropriate:
-event-driven applications may wait forever by using a ``timeout`` of -1,
-while those that draw continuously may use a significant fraction of the frame period
-(with enough time left over to render).
-
-Redrawing
----------
-
-Occasional redrawing can be requested by calling :func:`View::postRedisplay` or :func:`View::postRedisplayRect`.
-After these are called,
-a :type:`ExposeEvent` will be dispatched on the next call to :func:`World::update`.
-Note, however, that this will not wake up a blocked :func:`World::update` call on MacOS
-(which does not handle drawing via events).
-
-For continuous redrawing,
-call :func:`View::postRedisplay` while handling a :type:`UpdateEvent`.
-This event is sent just before views are redrawn,
-so it can be used as a hook to expand the update region right before the view is exposed.
-Anything else that needs to be done every frame can be handled similarly.
-
-.. _pkg-config: https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/pkg-config/
-
-.. rubric:: Footnotes
+.. toctree::
 
-.. [#f1] MacOS has a strong distinction between
-   `views <https://developer.apple.com/documentation/appkit/nsview>`_,
-   which may be nested, and
-   `windows <https://developer.apple.com/documentation/appkit/nswindow>`_,
-   which may not.
-   On Windows and X11, everything is a nestable window,
-   but top-level windows are configured differently.
+   world
+   view
+   events
+   event-loop

@@ 0,0 1,299 @@
+.. default-domain:: cpp
+.. highlight:: cpp
+.. namespace:: pugl
+
+###############
+Creating a View
+###############
+
+A `view` is a drawable region that receives events.
+You may think of it as a window,
+though it may be embedded and not represent a top-level system window. [#f1]_
+
+Pugl communicates with views by dispatching events.
+For flexibility, the event handler can be a different object than the view.
+This allows using :class:`View` along with a separate event handler class.
+Alternatively, a view class can inherit from :class:`View` and set itself as its event handler,
+for a more object-oriented style.
+
+This documentation will use the latter approach,
+so we will define a class for our view that contains everything needed:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   class MyView : public pugl::View
+   {
+   public:
+     explicit MyView(pugl::World& world)
+         : pugl::View{world}
+     {
+       setEventHandler(*this);
+     }
+
+     pugl::Status onEvent(const pugl::ConfigureEvent& event) noexcept;
+     pugl::Status onEvent(const pugl::ExposeEvent& event) noexcept;
+
+     // With other handlers here as needed...
+
+     // Fallback handler for all other events
+     template<PuglEventType t, class Base>
+     pugl::Status onEvent(const pugl::Event<t, Base>&) noexcept
+     {
+          return pugl::Status::success;
+     }
+
+   private:
+     // Some data...
+   };
+
+Pugl will call an ``onEvent`` method of the event handler (the view in this case) for every event.
+
+Note that Pugl uses a static dispatching mechanism rather than virtual functions to minimize overhead.
+It is therefore necessary for the final class to define a handler for every event type.
+A terse way to do this without writing every implementation is to define a fallback handler as a template,
+as in the example above.
+Alternatively, you can define an explicit handler for each event that simply returns :enumerator:`Status::success`.
+This way, it will be a compile error if any event is not explicitly handled.
+
+*********************
+Configuring the Frame
+*********************
+
+Before display,
+the necessary :doc:`frame <api/frame>` and :doc:`window <api/window>` attributes should be set.
+These allow the window system (or plugin host) to arrange the view properly.
+
+Derived classes can configure themselves during construction,
+but we assume here that configuration is being done outside the view.
+For example:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   const double defaultWidth = 1920.0;
+   const double defaultHeight = 1080.0;
+
+   view.setWindowTitle("My Window");
+   view.setDefaultSize(defaultWidth, defaultHeight);
+   view.setMinSize(defaultWidth / 4.0, defaultHeight / 4.0);
+   view.setAspectRatio(1, 1, 16, 9);
+
+There are also several :type:`hints <PuglViewHint>` for basic attributes that can be set:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   view.setHint(pugl::ViewHint::resizable, true);
+   view.setHint(pugl::ViewHint::ignoreKeyRepeat, true);
+
+*********
+Embedding
+*********
+
+To embed the view in another window,
+you will need to somehow get the :type:`native view handle <pugl::NativeView>` for the parent,
+then set it with :func:`View::setParentWindow`.
+If the parent is a Pugl view,
+the native handle can be accessed with :func:`View::nativeWindow`.
+For example:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   view.setParentWindow(view, parent.getNativeWindow());
+
+*****************
+Setting a Backend
+*****************
+
+Before being realized, the view must have a backend set with :func:`View::setBackend`.
+
+The backend manages the graphics API that will be used for drawing.
+Pugl includes backends and supporting API for
+:doc:`Cairo <api/cairo>`, :doc:`OpenGL <api/gl>`, and :doc:`Vulkan <api/vulkan>`.
+
+Using Cairo
+===========
+
+Cairo-specific API is declared in the ``cairo.hpp`` header:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   #include <pugl/cairo.hpp>
+
+The Cairo backend is provided by :func:`cairoBackend()`:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   view.setBackend(pugl::cairoBackend());
+
+No additional configuration is required for Cairo.
+To draw when handling an expose event,
+the `Cairo context <https://www.cairographics.org/manual/cairo-cairo-t.html>`_ can be accessed with :func:`View::context`:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   cairo_t* cr = static_cast<cairo_t*>(view.context());
+
+Using OpenGL
+============
+
+OpenGL-specific API is declared in the ``gl.hpp`` header:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   #include <pugl/gl.hpp>
+
+The OpenGL backend is provided by :func:`glBackend()`:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   view.setBackend(pugl::glBackend());
+
+Some hints must also be set so that the context can be set up correctly.
+For example, to use OpenGL 3.3 Core Profile:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   view.setHint(pugl::ViewHint::useCompatProfile, false);
+   view.setHint(pugl::ViewHint::contextVersionMajor, 3);
+   view.setHint(pugl::ViewHint::contextVersionMinor, 3);
+
+If you need to perform some setup using the OpenGL API,
+there are two ways to do so.
+
+The OpenGL context is active when
+:type:`CreateEvent` and
+:type:`DestroyEvent`
+events are dispatched,
+so things like creating and destroying shaders and textures can be done then.
+
+Alternatively, if it is cumbersome to set up and tear down OpenGL in the event handler,
+:func:`enterContext` and :func:`leaveContext` can be used to manually activate the OpenGL context during application setup.
+Note, however, that unlike many other APIs, these functions must not be used for drawing.
+It is only valid to use the OpenGL API for configuration in a manually entered context,
+rendering will not work.
+For example:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   pugl::enterContext(view);
+   myApp.setupOpenGL();
+   pugl::leaveContext(view);
+
+   while (!myApp.quit()) {
+     world.update(0.0);
+   }
+
+   pugl::enterContext(view);
+   myApp.teardownOpenGL();
+   pugl::leaveContext(view);
+
+Using Vulkan
+============
+
+Vulkan-specific API is declared in the ``vulkan.hpp`` header.
+This header includes Vulkan headers,
+so if you are dynamically loading Vulkan at runtime,
+you should define ``VK_NO_PROTOTYPES`` before including it.
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   #define VK_NO_PROTOTYPES
+
+   #include <pugl/vulkan.hpp>
+
+The Vulkan backend is provided by :func:`vulkanBackend()`:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   view.setBackend(pugl::vulkanBackend());
+
+Unlike OpenGL, almost all Vulkan configuration is done using the Vulkan API directly.
+Pugl only provides a portable mechanism to load the Vulkan library and get the functions used to load the rest of the Vulkan API.
+
+Loading Vulkan
+--------------
+
+For maximum compatibility,
+it is best to not link to Vulkan at compile-time,
+but instead load the Vulkan API at run-time.
+To do so, first create a :class:`VulkanLoader`:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   pugl::VulkanLoader loader{world};
+
+The loader manages the dynamically loaded Vulkan library,
+so it must be kept alive for as long as the application is using Vulkan.
+You can get the function used to load Vulkan functions with :func:`VulkanLoader::getInstanceProcAddrFunc`:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   auto vkGetInstanceProcAddr = loader.getInstanceProcAddrFunc();
+
+It is best to use this function to load everything at run time,
+rather than link to the Vulkan library at run time.
+You can, for example, pass this to get the ``vkCreateInstance`` function using this,
+then use that to create your Vulkan instance.
+In practice, you will want to use some loader or wrapper API since there are many Vulkan functions.
+
+It is not necessary to use :class:`VulkanLoader`,
+you can, for example, use the ``DynamicLoader`` from ``vulkan.hpp`` in the Vulkan SDK instead.
+
+The details of using Vulkan are far beyond the scope of this documentation,
+but Pugl provides a portable function, :func:`createSurface`,
+to get the Vulkan surface for a view.
+Assuming you have somehow created your ``VkInstance``,
+you can get the surface for a view using :func:`createSurface`:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   VkSurfaceKHR* surface = nullptr;
+   puglCreateSurface(loader.getDeviceProcAddrFunc(),
+                     view,
+                     vulkanInstance,
+                     nullptr,
+                     &surface);
+
+Pugl does not provide API that uses ``vulkan.hpp`` to avoid the onerous dependency,
+but if you are using it with exceptions and unique handles,
+it is straightforward to wrap the surface handle yourself.
+
+****************
+Showing the View
+****************
+
+Once the view is configured, it can be "realized" with :func:`View::realize`.
+This creates a "real" system view, for example:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   pugl::Status status = view.realize();
+   if (status != pugl::Status::success) {
+     std::cerr << "Error realizing view: " << pugl::strerror(status) << "\n";
+   }
+
+Note that realizing a view can fail for many reasons,
+so the return code should always be checked.
+This is generally the case for any function that interacts with the window system.
+Most functions also return a :enum:`Status`,
+but these checks are omitted for brevity in the rest of this documentation.
+
+A realized view is not initially visible,
+but can be shown with :func:`View::show`:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   view.show();
+
+To create an initially visible view,
+it is also possible to simply call :func:`View::show()` right away.
+The view will be automatically realized if necessary.
+
+.. rubric:: Footnotes
+
+.. [#f1] MacOS has a strong distinction between
+   `views <https://developer.apple.com/documentation/appkit/nsview>`_,
+   which may be nested, and
+   `windows <https://developer.apple.com/documentation/appkit/nswindow>`_,
+   which may not.
+   On Windows and X11, everything is a nestable window,
+   but top-level windows are configured differently.

@@ 0,0 1,41 @@
+.. default-domain:: cpp
+.. highlight:: cpp
+.. namespace:: pugl
+
+################
+Creating a World
+################
+
+The world is the top-level object which represents an instance of Pugl.
+It handles the connection to the window system,
+and manages views and the event loop.
+
+An application typically has a single world,
+which is constructed once on startup and used to drive the main event loop.
+
+************
+Construction
+************
+
+A world must be created before any views, and it must outlive all of its views.
+The world constructor requires an argument to specify the application type:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   pugl::World world{pugl::WorldType::program};
+
+For a plugin, specify :enumerator:`WorldType::module` instead.
+In some cases, it is necessary to pass additional flags.
+For example, Vulkan requires thread support:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   pugl::World world{pugl::WorldType::program, pugl::WorldFlag::threads};
+
+It is a good idea to set a class name for your project with :func:`World::setClassName`.
+This allows the window system to distinguish different applications and,
+for example, users to set up rules to manage their windows nicely:
+
+.. code-block:: cpp
+
+   world.setClassName("MyAwesomeProject");

@@ 1,44 0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
-
-def build(bld):
-    dox_to_sphinx = bld.path.find_node("../../scripts/dox_to_sphinx.py")
-    index_xml = bld.path.get_bld().make_node("xml/index.xml")
-
-    files = [
-        ("../../resources/pugl.svg", "sphinx/_static/pugl.svg"),
-        ("../_static/custom.css", "sphinx/_static/custom.css"),
-        ("../_templates/about.html", "sphinx/_templates/about.html"),
-        ("../deployment.rst", "sphinx/deployment.rst"),
-        ("../pugl.rst", "sphinx/pugl.rst"),
-        ("c-reference.rst", "sphinx/c-reference.rst"),
-        ("cpp-reference.rst", "sphinx/cpp-reference.rst"),
-        ("index.rst", "sphinx/index.rst"),
-        ("overview.rst", "sphinx/overview.rst"),
-    ]
-
-    # Run Doxygen to generate XML documentation
-    bld(features="doxygen", doxyfile="Doxyfile")
-
-    # Substitute variables to make Sphinx configuration file
-    bld(features="subst",
-        source="../conf.py.in",
-        target="sphinx/conf.py",
-        PUGL_VERSION=bld.env.PUGL_VERSION)
-
-    # Copy static documentation files to Sphinx build directory
-    for f in files:
-        bld(features="subst", is_copy=True, source=f[0], target=f[1])
-
-    # Generate Sphinx markup from Doxygen XML
-    bld.add_group()
-    bld(rule="${PYTHON} " + dox_to_sphinx.abspath() + " -l cpp -f ${SRC} ${TGT}",
-        source=index_xml,
-        target="sphinx/api/")
-
-    # Run Sphinx to generate HTML documentation
-    doc_dir = bld.env.DOCDIR + "/pugl-%s/" % bld.env.PUGL_MAJOR_VERSION
-    bld(features="sphinx",
-        sphinx_source=bld.path.get_bld().make_node("sphinx"),
-        sphinx_output_format="singlehtml",
-        sphinx_options=["-E", "-q"],
-        install_path=doc_dir + "cpp/singlehtml/")

@@ 0,0 1,21 @@
+doxygen = find_program('doxygen')
+
+cpp_doxygen_input = []
+foreach h : c_headers + cpp_headers
+  cpp_doxygen_input += ['..' / h]
+endforeach
+
+config = configuration_data()
+config.set('PUGL_HEADERS', ' '.join(cpp_doxygen_input))
+config.set('PUGL_SRCDIR', pugl_src_root)
+
+cpp_doxyfile = configure_file(configuration: config,
+                              input: '../Doxyfile.in',
+                              output: 'Doxyfile')
+
+cpp_index_xml = custom_target(
+  'cpp-index.xml',
+  command: [doxygen, '@INPUT0@'],
+  input: [cpp_doxyfile] + c_header_files + cpp_header_files,
+  output: 'index.xml')
+

@@ 1,13 1,13 @@
-##########
-Using Pugl
-##########
+#####
+Usage
+#####
 
-Pugl is designed for flexible deployment,
-so the exact method of building against it depends on your approach.
+*********************
+Building Against Pugl
+*********************
 
-When targeting systems with pkg-config_,
-packages are provided that link against the core platform library and the desired backend,
-along with any backend dependencies:
+When Pugl is installed,
+pkg-config_ packages are provided that link with the core platform library and desired backend:
 
 - ``pugl-cairo-0``
 - ``pugl-gl-0``

@@ 1,77 0,0 @@
-This is the documentation for Pugl, a minimal API for writing GUIs.
-
-## Reference
-
-Pugl is implemented in C, but also provides a header-only C++ API wrapper.
-
- * [C API reference](@ref pugl)
- * [C++ API reference](@ref puglxx)
-
-## Overview
-
-The Pugl API revolves around two main objects: the World and the View.
-An application creates a single world to manage top-level state,
-then creates one or more views to display.
-
-### World
-
-The [World](@ref PuglWorld) contains all top-level state,
-and manages views and the event loop.
-
-A world must be [created](@ref puglNewWorld) before any views,
-and it must outlive all views.
-
-### View
-
-A [View](@ref PuglView) is a drawable region that receives events.
-
-Creating a visible view is a multi-step process.
-When a new view is [created](@ref puglNewView),
-it does not yet represent a real system view or window.
-To display, it must first have a [backend](@ref puglSetBackend)
-and [event handler](@ref puglSetEventFunc) set,
-and be configured by [setting hints](@ref puglSetViewHint)
-and optionally [adjusting the frame](@ref frame).
-
-The [Backend](@ref PuglBackend) controls drawing for a view.
-Pugl includes [Cairo](@ref cairo), [OpenGL](@ref gl), and [Vulkan](@ref vulkan) backends,
-as well as a [stub](@ref stub) backend that creates a native window with no portable drawing context.
-
-Once the view is configured,
-it can be [realized](@ref puglRealize) and [shown](@ref puglShow).
-By default a view will correspond to a top-level system window.
-To create a view within another window,
-it must have a [parent window set](@ref puglSetParentWindow) before being created.
-
-### Events
-
-[Events](@ref PuglEvent) are sent to a view when it has received user input or must be drawn.
-
-Events are handled by the [event handler](@ref PuglEventFunc) set during initialisation.
-This function is called whenever something happens that the view must respond to.
-This includes user interaction like mouse and keyboard input,
-and system events like window resizing and exposure.
-
-### Event Loop
-
-The event loop is driven by repeatedly calling #puglUpdate which processes events from the window system,
-and dispatches them to views when necessary.
-
-Typically, a plugin calls #puglUpdate with timeout 0 in some callback driven by the host.
-A program can use whatever timeout is appropriate:
-event-driven applications may wait forever,
-or for continuous animation,
-use a timeout that is a significant fraction of the frame period
-(with enough time left over to render).
-
-Redrawing can be requested by calling #puglPostRedisplay or #puglPostRedisplayRect,
-which post expose events to the queue.
-Note, however, that this will not wake up a blocked #puglUpdate call on MacOS
-(which does not handle drawing via events).
-For continuous redrawing, call #puglPostRedisplay when a #PUGL_UPDATE event is received.
-This event is sent before views are redrawn,
-so can be used as a hook to expand the update region right before the view is exposed.
-
-### Error Handling
-
-Most functions return a [Status](@ref PuglStatus) which should be checked to detect failure.

@@ 0,0 1,13 @@
+docdir = get_option('datadir') / 'doc'
+
+doxygen = find_program('doxygen', required: get_option('docs'))
+dox_to_sphinx = find_program('../scripts/dox_to_sphinx.py')
+sphinx_build = find_program('sphinx-build', required: get_option('docs'))
+
+build_docs = doxygen.found() and sphinx_build.found()
+
+if build_docs
+  subdir('_static')
+  subdir('c')
+  subdir('cpp')
+endif

@@ 1,7 1,3 @@
-####
-Pugl
-####
-
 Pugl is an API for writing portable and embeddable GUIs.
 Pugl is not a toolkit or framework,
 but a minimal portability layer that sets up a drawing context and delivers events.

@@ 0,0 1,80 @@
+data_dir = get_option('prefix') / get_option('datadir') / 'pugl-0'
+example_args = ['-DPUGL_DATA_DIR="@0@"'.format(data_dir)]
+
+gl_examples = [
+  'pugl_cxx_demo.cpp',
+  'pugl_embed_demo.c',
+  'pugl_print_events.c',
+  'pugl_shader_demo.c',
+  'pugl_window_demo.c',
+]
+
+cairo_examples = [
+  'pugl_cairo_demo.c'
+]
+
+vulkan_examples = [
+  'pugl_vulkan_cxx_demo.cpp',
+  'pugl_vulkan_demo.c',
+]
+
+includes = [
+  '.',
+  '..',
+  '../bindings/cxx/include',
+  '../include',
+]
+
+subdir('shaders')
+
+# Build GL examples
+if opengl_dep.found()
+  foreach example : gl_examples
+    source = [example]
+    target = example.split('.')[0]
+    dependencies = [gl_backend_dep]
+
+    if target == 'pugl_shader_demo'
+      source += ['file_utils.c', 'glad/glad.c']
+      dependencies += [dl_dep]
+    elif target == 'pugl_print_events'
+      dependencies += [stub_backend_dep]
+    endif
+
+    executable(target, source,
+               include_directories: include_directories(includes),
+               c_args: example_args,
+               cpp_args: example_args,
+               dependencies: dependencies)
+  endforeach
+endif
+
+# Build Cairo examples
+if cairo_dep.found()
+  foreach example : cairo_examples
+    target = example.split('.')[0]
+    executable(target, example,
+               include_directories: include_directories(includes),
+               c_args: example_args,
+               dependencies: [pugl_dep, cairo_backend_dep])
+  endforeach
+endif
+
+# Build Vulkan examples
+if vulkan_dep.found()
+  foreach example : vulkan_examples
+    source = [example]
+    target = example.split('.')[0]
+    dependencies = [dl_dep, vulkan_backend_dep]
+
+    if target == 'pugl_vulkan_cxx_demo'
+      source += ['file_utils.c']
+    endif
+
+    executable(target, source,
+               include_directories: include_directories(includes),
+               c_args: example_args,
+               cpp_args: example_args,
+               dependencies: dependencies)
+  endforeach
+endif

@@ 231,6 231,7 @@ main(int argc, char** argv)
   puglSetWindowTitle(view, "Pugl Cairo Demo");
   puglSetDefaultSize(view, 512, 512);
   puglSetMinSize(view, 256, 256);
+  puglSetMaxSize(view, 2048, 2048);
   puglSetViewHint(view, PUGL_RESIZABLE, app.opts.resizable);
   puglSetHandle(view, &app);
   puglSetBackend(view, puglCairoBackend());

@@ 139,6 139,7 @@ main(int argc, char** argv)
   puglSetWindowTitle(view, "Pugl Window Demo");
   puglSetDefaultSize(view, 512, 256);
   puglSetMinSize(view, 128, 64);
+  puglSetMaxSize(view, 512, 256);
   puglSetBackend(view, puglGlBackend());
 
   puglSetViewHint(view, PUGL_USE_DEBUG_CONTEXT, app.opts.errorChecking);

@@ 125,6 125,7 @@ main(int argc, char** argv)
   view.setWindowTitle("Pugl C++ Test");
   view.setDefaultSize(512, 512);
   view.setMinSize(64, 64);
+  view.setMaxSize(256, 256);
   view.setAspectRatio(1, 1, 16, 9);
   view.setBackend(pugl::glBackend());
   view.setHint(pugl::ViewHint::resizable, opts.resizable);

@@ 275,6 275,7 @@ setupPugl(PuglTestApp* app)
   puglSetWindowTitle(app->view, "Pugl OpenGL 3");
   puglSetDefaultSize(app->view, defaultWidth, defaultHeight);
   puglSetMinSize(app->view, defaultWidth / 4, defaultHeight / 4);
+  puglSetMaxSize(app->view, defaultWidth * 4, defaultHeight * 4);
   puglSetAspectRatio(app->view, 1, 1, 16, 9);
   puglSetBackend(app->view, puglGlBackend());
   puglSetViewHint(app->view, PUGL_USE_COMPAT_PROFILE, PUGL_FALSE);

@@ 1722,6 1722,7 @@ run(const char* const     programPath,
   app.view.setAspectRatio(1, 1, 16, 9);
   app.view.setDefaultSize(width, height);
   app.view.setMinSize(width / 4, height / 4);
+  app.view.setMaxSize(width * 4, height * 4);
   app.view.setBackend(pugl::vulkanBackend());
   app.view.setHint(pugl::ViewHint::resizable, opts.resizable);
   const pugl::Status st = app.view.realize();

@@ 209,6 209,7 @@ main(int argc, char** argv)
     puglSetFrame(view, frame);
     puglSetDefaultSize(view, 512, 512);
     puglSetMinSize(view, 128, 128);
+    puglSetMaxSize(view, 2048, 2048);
     puglSetBackend(view, puglGlBackend());
 
     puglSetViewHint(view, PUGL_USE_DEBUG_CONTEXT, opts.errorChecking);

@@ 0,0 1,35 @@
+shader_files = [
+  'header_330.glsl',
+  'header_420.glsl',
+  'rect.frag',
+  'rect.vert',
+]
+
+# Copy shader sources for GL examples
+foreach shader_file : shader_files
+  configure_file(copy: true, input: shader_file, output: shader_file)
+endforeach
+
+# Build SPV shader binaries for Vulkan examples
+if vulkan_dep.found()
+  cat = find_program('../../scripts/cat.py')
+  glslang = find_program('glslangValidator')
+
+  shaders = ['rect.vert', 'rect.frag']
+  foreach shader : shaders
+    source = shader.split('.')[0] + '.vulkan.' + shader.split('.')[1]
+    shader_input = custom_target(source,
+                                 output: source,
+                                 input: ['header_420.glsl', shader],
+                                 command: [cat, '@INPUT@'],
+                                 build_by_default: true,
+                                 capture: true)
+
+    mytarget = custom_target(shader,
+                             output: shader + '.spv',
+                             input: shader_input,
+                             command: [glslang, '-V', '-o', '@OUTPUT@', '@INPUT@'],
+                             build_by_default: true,
+                             install: false)
+  endforeach
+endif

@@ 190,13 190,6 @@ typedef enum {
   PUGL_TIMER,          ///< Timer triggered, a #PuglEventTimer
   PUGL_LOOP_ENTER,     ///< Recursive loop entered, a #PuglEventLoopEnter
   PUGL_LOOP_LEAVE,     ///< Recursive loop left, a #PuglEventLoopLeave
-
-#ifndef PUGL_DISABLE_DEPRECATED
-  PUGL_ENTER_NOTIFY  PUGL_DEPRECATED_BY("PUGL_POINTER_IN")  = PUGL_POINTER_IN,
-  PUGL_LEAVE_NOTIFY  PUGL_DEPRECATED_BY("PUGL_POINTER_OUT") = PUGL_POINTER_OUT,
-  PUGL_MOTION_NOTIFY PUGL_DEPRECATED_BY("PUGL_MOTION")      = PUGL_MOTION,
-#endif
-
 } PuglEventType;
 
 /// Common flags for all event types


@@ 728,7 721,8 @@ puglGetTime(const PuglWorld* world);
    of the ideal frame period should be used, to minimize input latency by
    ensuring that as many input events are consumed as possible before drawing.
 
-   @return #PUGL_SUCCESS if events are read, #PUGL_FAILURE if not, or an error.
+   @return #PUGL_SUCCESS if events are read, #PUGL_FAILURE if no events are
+   read, or an error.
 */
 PUGL_API
 PuglStatus


@@ 1087,7 1081,7 @@ puglGetNativeWindow(PuglView* view);
    API requires one.  It is only available during an expose.
 
    Cairo: Returns a pointer to a
-   [`cairo_t`](http://www.cairographics.org/manual/cairo-cairo-t.html).
+   [cairo_t](http://www.cairographics.org/manual/cairo-cairo-t.html).
 
    All other backends: returns null.
 */


@@ 1178,7 1172,7 @@ puglSetClipboard(PuglView*   view,
    @param view The view.
    @param[out] type Set to the MIME type of the data.
    @param[out] len Set to the length of the data in bytes.
-   @return The clipboard contents, or `NULL`.
+   @return The clipboard contents, or null.
 */
 PUGL_API
 const void*


@@ 1191,9 1185,8 @@ puglGetClipboard(PuglView* view, const char** type, size_t* len);
    the view.  May fail if setting the cursor is not supported on this system,
    for example if compiled on X11 without Xcursor support.
 
-   Errors:
-   - #PUGL_BAD_PARAMETER if the given cursor is invalid.
-   - #PUGL_FAILURE if the cursor isknown but loading it from the system fails.
+   @return #PUGL_BAD_PARAMETER if the given cursor is invalid,
+   #PUGL_FAILURE if the cursor is known but loading it system fails.
 */
 PUGL_API
 PuglStatus


@@ 1233,9 1226,8 @@ puglRequestAttention(PuglView* view);
    resolution on Windows) and may be rounded up if it is too short.  On X11 and
    MacOS, a resolution of about 1ms can usually be relied on.
 
-   Errors:
-   - #PUGL_FAILURE if timers are not supported by this system or build.
-   - #PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR if setting the timer failed.
+   @return #PUGL_FAILURE if timers are not supported by the system,
+   #PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR if setting the timer failed.
 */
 PUGL_API
 PuglStatus


@@ 1247,9 1239,8 @@ puglStartTimer(PuglView* view, uintptr_t id, double timeout);
    @param view The view that the timer is set for.
    @param id The ID previously passed to puglStartTimer().
 
-   Errors:
-   - #PUGL_FAILURE if timers are not supported by this system or build.
-   - #PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR if stopping the timer failed.
+   @return #PUGL_FAILURE if timers are not supported by this system,
+   #PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR if stopping the timer failed.
 */
 PUGL_API
 PuglStatus


@@ 1268,9 1259,8 @@ puglStopTimer(PuglView* view, uintptr_t id);
    puglPostRedisplayRect(), but will always send a message to the X server,
    even when called in an event handler.
 
-   Errors:
-   - #PUGL_UNSUPPORTED_TYPE if sending events of this type is not supported.
-   - #PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR if sending the event failed.
+   @return #PUGL_UNSUPPORTED_TYPE if sending events of this type is not supported,
+   #PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR if sending the event failed.
 */
 PUGL_API
 PuglStatus

@@ 0,0 1,455 @@
+project('pugl', ['c'],
+        version: '0.3.0',
+        license: 'ISC',
+        meson_version: '>= 0.49.2',
+        default_options: [
+          'c_std=c99',
+          'cpp_std=c++11',
+          'default_library=shared'
+        ])
+
+pugl_src_root = meson.current_source_dir()
+major_version = meson.project_version().split('.')[0]
+version_suffix = '-@0@'.format(major_version)
+versioned_name = 'pugl' + version_suffix
+
+# Load build tools
+pkg = import('pkgconfig')
+cc = meson.get_compiler('c')
+
+# Enable C++ support if we're building the examples
+if get_option('examples')
+  add_languages(['cpp'])
+  cpp = meson.get_compiler('cpp')
+endif
+
+# Enable Objective C support if we're building for MacOS
+if host_machine.system() == 'darwin'
+  add_languages(['objc'])
+  objcc = meson.get_compiler('objc')
+endif
+
+# Set ultra strict warnings for developers, if requested
+if get_option('strict')
+  subdir('meson')
+
+  # C warnings
+  c_warnings = all_c_warnings
+  if cc.get_id() == 'clang'
+    c_warnings += [
+      '-Wno-bad-function-cast',
+      '-Wno-documentation', # Cairo
+      '-Wno-documentation-unknown-command', # Cairo
+      '-Wno-float-equal',
+      '-Wno-implicit-fallthrough',
+      '-Wno-padded',
+      '-Wno-reserved-id-macro',
+      '-Wno-switch-default',
+      '-Wno-switch-enum',
+      '-Wno-unused-macros', # Mac
+    ]
+  elif cc.get_id() == 'gcc'
+    c_warnings += [
+      '-Wno-bad-function-cast',
+      '-Wno-float-equal',
+      '-Wno-inline',
+      '-Wno-padded',
+      '-Wno-pedantic',
+      '-Wno-suggest-attribute=const',
+      '-Wno-suggest-attribute=malloc',
+      '-Wno-suggest-attribute=pure',
+      '-Wno-switch-default',
+      '-Wno-switch-enum',
+      '-Wno-unsuffixed-float-constants',
+    ]
+  elif cc.get_id() == 'msvc'
+    c_warnings += [
+      '/wd4028',  # formal parameter different from declaration
+      '/wd4061',  # enumerator in switch is not explicitly handled
+      '/wd4191',  # unsafe conversion from type to type
+      '/wd4514',  # unreferenced inline function has been removed
+      '/wd4706',  # assignment within conditional expression
+      '/wd4710',  # function not inlined
+      '/wd4711',  # function selected for automatic inline expansion
+      '/wd4800',  # implicit conversion from int to bool
+      '/wd4820',  # padding added after construct
+      '/wd4996',  # function or variable may be unsafe
+      '/wd5045',  # will insert Spectre mitigation for memory load
+    ]
+  endif
+
+  add_project_arguments(cc.get_supported_arguments(c_warnings),
+                        language: ['c', 'objc'])
+
+  # C++ warnings
+  cpp_warnings = all_cpp_warnings
+  if is_variable('cpp')
+    if cpp.get_id() == 'clang'
+      cpp_warnings += [
+        '-Wno-documentation-unknown-command', # Cairo
+        '-Wno-old-style-cast',
+        '-Wno-padded',
+        '-Wno-reserved-id-macro',
+        '-Wno-switch-enum',
+        '-Wno-unused-macros', # Mac
+      ]
+    elif cpp.get_id() == 'gcc'
+      cpp_warnings += [
+        '-Wno-effc++',
+        '-Wno-inline',
+        '-Wno-old-style-cast',
+        '-Wno-padded',
+        '-Wno-suggest-attribute=const',
+        '-Wno-suggest-attribute=malloc',
+        '-Wno-suggest-attribute=pure',
+        '-Wno-suggest-final-methods',
+        '-Wno-switch-default',
+        '-Wno-switch-enum',
+        '-Wno-unused-const-variable',
+        '-Wno-useless-cast',
+      ]
+    elif cpp.get_id() == 'msvc'
+      cpp_warnings += [
+        '/wd4061',  # enumerator in switch is not explicitly handled
+        '/wd4191',  # unsafe conversion from type to type
+        '/wd4355',  # 'this' used in base member initializer list
+        '/wd4514',  # unreferenced inline function has been removed
+        '/wd4571',  # structured exceptions (SEH) are no longer caught
+        '/wd4625',  # copy constructor implicitly deleted
+        '/wd4626',  # assignment operator implicitly deleted
+        '/wd4706',  # assignment within conditional expression
+        '/wd4710',  # function not inlined
+        '/wd4711',  # function selected for automatic inline expansion
+        '/wd4800',  # implicit conversion from int to bool
+        '/wd4820',  # padding added after construct
+        '/wd4868',  # compiler may not enforce left-to-right evaluation order
+        '/wd4996',  # function or variable may be unsafe
+        '/wd5026',  # move constructor implicitly deleted
+        '/wd5027',  # move assignment operator implicitly deleted
+        '/wd5039',  # potentially throwing function passed to C
+        '/wd5045',  # will insert Spectre mitigation for memory load
+      ]
+    endif
+
+    add_project_arguments(cpp.get_supported_arguments(cpp_warnings),
+                          language: ['cpp'])
+  endif
+
+  # Objective C warnings
+  if is_variable('objcc')
+    add_project_arguments(objcc.get_supported_arguments(all_objc_warnings),
+                          language: ['objc'])
+  endif
+endif
+
+# Disable deprecated API which is not used by tests or examples
+add_project_arguments(['-DPUGL_DISABLE_DEPRECATED'],
+                      language: ['c', 'cpp', 'objc'])
+
+c_headers = [
+  'include/pugl/pugl.h',
+
+  'include/pugl/cairo.h',
+  'include/pugl/gl.h',
+  'include/pugl/stub.h',
+  'include/pugl/vulkan.h',
+]
+
+c_header_files = files(c_headers)
+
+cpp_headers = [
+  'bindings/cxx/include/pugl/pugl.hpp',
+
+  'bindings/cxx/include/pugl/cairo.hpp',
+  'bindings/cxx/include/pugl/gl.hpp',
+  'bindings/cxx/include/pugl/stub.hpp',
+  'bindings/cxx/include/pugl/vulkan.hpp',
+]
+
+cpp_header_files = files(cpp_headers)
+
+core_sources = [
+  'src/implementation.c'
+]
+
+# System libraries
+m_dep = cc.find_library('m', required: false)
+dl_dep = cc.find_library('dl', required: false)
+thread_dep = dependency('threads')
+
+# Cairo (optional backend)
+cairo_dep = dependency('cairo',
+                       required: get_option('cairo'))
+
+# OpenGL (optional backend)
+opengl_dep = dependency('GL',
+                        required: get_option('opengl'))
+
+# Vulkan (optional backend)
+vulkan_dep = dependency('vulkan',
+                        required: get_option('vulkan'))
+
+core_args = []
+
+# MacOS
+if host_machine.system() == 'darwin'
+  cocoa_dep = dependency('Cocoa', required: false, modules: 'foundation')
+  corevideo_dep = dependency('CoreVideo', required: false)
+
+  platform = 'mac'
+  platform_sources = ['src/mac.m', 'src/mac_stub.m']
+  core_deps = [cocoa_dep, corevideo_dep]
+  extension = '.m'
+
+  add_project_arguments(['-Wno-deprecated-declarations'], language: ['objc'])
+  add_project_arguments(['-Wno-direct-ivar-access'], language: ['objc'])
+
+  add_project_arguments(['-DGL_SILENCE_DEPRECATION'],
+                        language: ['c', 'objc'])
+
+  add_project_link_arguments(['-Wl,-framework,Cocoa'],
+                             language: ['c', 'objc'])
+
+# Windows
+elif host_machine.system() == 'windows'
+  if cpp.get_id() == 'msvc'
+    msvc_args = [
+      '/TP',
+      '/experimental:external',
+      '/external:W0',
+      '/external:anglebrackets',
+    ]
+
+    add_project_arguments(msvc_args, language: ['c', 'cpp'])
+  endif
+
+  win_args = [
+    '-DWIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN',
+    '-D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS',
+  ]
+
+  add_project_arguments(win_args, language: ['c', 'cpp'])
+
+  platform = 'win'
+  platform_sources = ['src/win.c']
+  core_deps = []
+  extension = '.c'
+
+else # X11
+  x11_dep = cc.find_library('X11')
+
+  xcursor_dep = cc.find_library('Xcursor', required: false)
+  if xcursor_dep.found()
+    core_args += ['-DHAVE_XCURSOR']
+  endif
+
+  xrandr_dep = cc.find_library('Xrandr', required: false)
+  if xrandr_dep.found()
+    core_args += ['-DHAVE_XRANDR']
+  endif
+
+  xext_dep = cc.find_library('Xext', required: false)
+  if xext_dep.found()
+    xsync_fragment = '''#include <X11/Xlib.h>
+      #include <X11/extensions/sync.h>
+      int main(void) { XSyncQueryExtension(0, 0, 0); return 0; }'''
+    if cc.compiles(xsync_fragment, name: 'Xsync')
+      core_args += ['-DHAVE_XSYNC']
+    endif
+  endif
+
+  platform = 'x11'
+  platform_sources = ['src/x11.c']
+  core_deps = [x11_dep, xcursor_dep, xrandr_dep, xext_dep]
+  extension = '.c'
+endif
+
+# Build core library
+
+core_deps += [m_dep]
+core_sources += platform_sources
+core_name = 'pugl_@0@@1@'.format(platform, version_suffix)
+
+library_args = ['-DPUGL_INTERNAL']
+if get_option('default_library') == 'both'
+  if host_machine.system() == 'windows'
+    error('default_library=both is not supported on Windows')
+  endif
+
+  library_type = 'both_libraries'
+elif get_option('default_library') == 'shared'
+  library_type = 'shared_library'
+else
+  library_type = 'static_library'
+  add_project_arguments(['-DPUGL_STATIC'], language: ['c', 'cpp', 'objc'])
+endif
+
+libpugl = build_target(
+  core_name, core_sources,
+  version: meson.project_version(),
+  include_directories: include_directories(['include']),
+  c_args: library_args + core_args,
+  dependencies: core_deps,
+  gnu_symbol_visibility: 'hidden',
+  install: true,
+  target_type: library_type)
+
+pugl_dep = declare_dependency(link_with: libpugl, dependencies: core_deps)
+
+pkg.generate(libpugl,
+             name: 'Pugl',
+             filebase: versioned_name,
+             subdirs: [versioned_name],
+             version: meson.project_version(),
+             description: 'Pugl GUI library core')
+
+# Build stub backend
+
+name = 'pugl_' + platform + '_stub' + version_suffix
+sources = 'src/' + platform + '_stub' + extension
+
+stub_backend = build_target(
+  name, sources,
+  version: meson.project_version(),
+  include_directories: include_directories(['include']),
+  c_args: library_args,
+  dependencies: [pugl_dep],
+  gnu_symbol_visibility: 'hidden',
+  install: true,
+  target_type: library_type)
+
+stub_backend_dep = declare_dependency(link_with: stub_backend)
+
+pkg.generate(stub_backend,
+             name: 'Pugl Stub',
+             filebase: 'pugl-stub-@0@'.format(major_version),
+             subdirs: [name],
+             version: meson.project_version(),
+             description: 'Native window pugl graphics backend')
+
+# Build GL backend
+if opengl_dep.found()
+  name = 'pugl_' + platform + '_gl' + version_suffix
+  sources = 'src/' + platform + '_gl' + extension
+
+  gl_backend = build_target(
+    name, sources,
+    version: meson.project_version(),
+    include_directories: include_directories(['include']),
+    c_args: library_args,
+    dependencies: [pugl_dep, opengl_dep],
+    gnu_symbol_visibility: 'hidden',
+    install: true,
+    target_type: library_type)
+
+  gl_backend_dep = declare_dependency(link_with: gl_backend,
+                                      dependencies: [pugl_dep, opengl_dep])
+
+  pkg.generate(gl_backend,
+               name: 'Pugl OpenGL',
+               filebase: 'pugl-gl-@0@'.format(major_version),
+               subdirs: [name],
+               version: meson.project_version(),
+               description: 'Pugl GUI library with OpenGL backend')
+endif
+
+# Build Cairo backend
+if cairo_dep.found()
+  name = 'pugl_' + platform + '_cairo' + version_suffix
+  sources = ['src/' + platform + '_cairo' + extension,
+             'src/' + platform + '_stub' + extension]
+
+  cairo_backend = build_target(
+    name, sources,
+    version: meson.project_version(),
+    include_directories: include_directories(['include']),
+    c_args: library_args,
+    dependencies: [pugl_dep, cairo_dep, stub_backend_dep],
+    gnu_symbol_visibility: 'hidden',
+    install: true,
+    target_type: library_type)
+
+  cairo_backend_dep = declare_dependency(
+    link_with: cairo_backend,
+    dependencies: [pugl_dep, cairo_dep, stub_backend_dep])
+
+  pkg.generate(cairo_backend,
+               name: 'Pugl Cairo',
+               filebase: 'pugl-cairo-@0@'.format(major_version),
+               subdirs: [name],
+               version: meson.project_version(),
+               description: 'Pugl GUI library with Cairo backend')
+endif
+
+# Build Vulkan backend
+if vulkan_dep.found()
+  name = 'pugl_' + platform + '_vulkan' + version_suffix
+  sources = ['src/' + platform + '_vulkan' + extension,
+             'src/' + platform + '_stub' + extension]
+
+  vulkan_deps = [pugl_dep, vulkan_dep, dl_dep]
+  vulkan_c_args = library_args
+  vulkan_link_args = []
+  if platform == 'mac'
+    metal_dep = dependency('Metal', modules: 'foundation')
+    quartzcore_dep = dependency('QuartzCore', modules: 'foundation')
+
+    vulkan_deps += [metal_dep, quartzcore_dep]
+  endif
+
+  vulkan_backend = build_target(
+    name, sources,
+    version: meson.project_version(),
+    include_directories: include_directories(['include']),
+    c_args: library_args,
+    dependencies: vulkan_deps,
+    gnu_symbol_visibility: 'hidden',
+    install: true,
+    target_type: library_type)
+
+  vulkan_backend_dep = declare_dependency(
+    link_with: vulkan_backend,
+    dependencies: [pugl_dep, vulkan_dep, thread_dep])
+
+  pkg.generate(vulkan_backend,
+               name: 'Pugl Vulkan',
+               filebase: 'pugl-vulkan-@0@'.format(major_version),
+               subdirs: [name],
+               version: meson.project_version(),
+               description: 'Pugl GUI library with Vulkan backend')
+endif
+
+install_headers(c_headers, subdir: versioned_name / 'pugl')
+install_headers(cpp_headers, subdir: 'puglxx' + version_suffix)
+
+if not get_option('docs').disabled()
+  subdir('doc')
+else
+  build_docs = false
+endif
+
+if get_option('examples')
+  subdir('examples')
+endif
+
+if get_option('tests')
+  subdir('test')
+endif
+
+if meson.version().version_compare('>=0.53.0')
+  summary('Platform', platform)
+  summary('Cairo backend', cairo_dep.found(), bool_yn: true)
+  summary('OpenGL backend', opengl_dep.found(), bool_yn: true)
+  summary('Vulkan backend', vulkan_dep.found(), bool_yn: true)
+  summary('Tests', get_option('tests'), bool_yn: true)
+  summary('Examples', get_option('examples'), bool_yn: true)
+  summary('Documentation', build_docs, bool_yn: true)
+
+  summary('Install prefix', get_option('prefix'))
+  summary('Headers', get_option('prefix') / get_option('includedir'))
+  summary('Libraries', get_option('prefix') / get_option('libdir'))
+
+  if get_option('examples')
+    summary('Executables', get_option('prefix') / get_option('bindir'))
+  endif
+endif